Last updated on August 5th, 2024 at 10:34 am
Data science, in recent years, has become one of the most popular fields of study in the globe. With the exponential growth of data, the demand for data scientists is expanding across industries. As per the report by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, data scientist jobs are projected to have 36 per cent growth between the years 2021 and 2031. Therefore, aspiring IT professionals, who want a reliable career, should consider data science as their main area of study. However, it could be challenging to learn a new field. Hence, creating and applying a solid roadmap can help mitigate this hassle. So, let’s start with our data science roadmap.
What is Data Science?
Data science is a multidisciplinary field of study that uses scientific methods, processes, systems and algorithms to extract insights and knowledge from structured and unstructured data. It incorporates several disciplines, such as statistics, data analysis, machine learning and visualisation to discover hidden patterns, trends and correlations in data. Data science plays a vital role in decision-making, strategic planning and problem-solving across companies, driving a revolution and aiding organisations in making data-centric decisions.
Data Science Roadmap
This data science roadmap provides an organised path to learning the important concepts and skills required for success in the field of data science. So, let’s dive into this!
Mathematics: Math skills are required to understand several machine-learning algorithms that are crucial in data science. These include arithmetic, algebra and geometry. Additionally, learning mathematical notation and symbols, commonly used in data science, is important. So, learn the following mathematical concepts to start your data science journey.
- Linear Algebra
- Matrix
- Calculus
- Optimisation
- Probability Theory
- Statistics: It is essential to understand statistics as this is a part of data analysis and helps you collect, analyse, interpret and present data. It is a key element of data science as it enables us to draw significant insights from data and make well-informed decisions. So, the following are a few concepts that you must learn:
- Basics of Statistics
- Hypotheses Testing
- Sampling Distribution
- Regression Analysis
- Correlation
- Computer Simulation
- Basics of Graphs
Programming Skills: Programming skills are crucial for data scientists to analyse, employ and visualise data. So, developing programming skills with an emphasis on data science is important. Also, learning programming languages, such as Python, r, Java, Scale and C+, is useful for better performance.
- Python:
- Basics of Python
- Numpy
- Pandas
- Matplotlib/Seaborn, etc.
- R:
- R Basics
- dplyr
- ggplot2
- Tidyr
- Shiny, etc.
- DataBase:
- SQL
- MongoDB
- Other:
- Data Structure
- Web Scraping (Python | R)
- Linux
- Git
- Machine Learning (ML): Machine learning is among the most crucial parts of data science. So, it is important for data scientists to understand the basic algorithms of Supervised and Unsupervised Learning. Various libraries are available in Python and R for applying these algorithms.
- Introduction:
- How Model Works
- Basic Data Exploration
- First ML Model
- Model Validation
- Underfitting & Overfitting
- Random Forests (Python | R)
- scikit-learn
- Intermediate:
- Handling Missing Values
- Handling Categorical Variables
- Pipelines
- Cross-Validation (R)
- XGBoost (Python | R)
- Data Leakage
- Deep Learning: TensorFlow and Keras are used in deep learning to develop and train neural networks for structured data.
- TensorFlow
- Keras
- Artificial Neural Network
- Convolutional Neural Network
- Recurrent Neural Network
- A Single Neuron
- Deep Neural Network
- Stochastic Gradient Descent
- Overfitting and Underfitting
- Dropout Batch Normalization
- Binary Classification
Natural Language Processing (NLP): Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a type of machine learning technology that allows computers to understand and operate human language. In NLP, you need to learn to work with text data.
- Text Classification
- Word Vectors
Feature Engineering: In Feature Engineering, you need to learn techniques to discover the most effective way to improve your models.
- Baseline Model
- Categorical Encodings
- Feature Generation
- Feature Selection
Data Visualization Tools: Learn to create great data visualisations. It is an excellent way to see the power of coding.
- Excel VBA
- BI (Business Intelligence):
- Tableau
- Power BI
- Qlik View
- Qlik Sense
Deployment: Whether you are fresher or have over 5 years of experience or 10 years of experience, deployment is an important element for data science. Because it will definitely provide you with the fact that you worked so much.
- Microsoft Azure
- Heroku
- Google Cloud Platform
- Flask
- DJango
Other Points to Learn: There are some other points that you must learn as a part of your data science journey. They include:
- Domain Knowledge
- Communication Skill
- Reinforcement Learning
- Different Case Studies
How to Become a Data Scientist?
To become a successful data scientist, you need to follow the following steps:
- Get a bachelor’s degree in the field of data science
- Learn programming skills required
- Enhance your related skills
- Get a data science certification
- Do internships as they are a great way to learn practical skills the job demands
- Master in data science tools
- Start your career in data science.
Data Scientist Salary in India
The average salary for a data scientist is Rs. 7,08,012 annually. Freshers can start their careers with a salary of around Rs. 5,77,893, while experienced professionals can expect about Rs. 19,44,566.
Conclusion
The demand for data scientists is growing, offering impressive salaries and great work opportunities. The data science roadmap includes important areas, including mathematics, programming skills, machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, data visualisation tools and deployment.
Want to transform your career in data science? Then, enrol in a data science course – Postgraduate Program in Data Science and Analytics offered by Imarticus Learning. This program is suitable for graduates and IT professionals who want to enhance a successful data science and analytics career.
