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What is FRM? The Ultimate Guide For 2025

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

When you spend enough time around banks, fintechs, or trading floors, you realise something quickly. In finance, risk isn’t a footnote or an afterthought. It’s the main plot. For professionals, this is both a challenge and an opening.

If you can measure, explain, and act on risk, you’re not just another analyst; you’re the person boards and regulators want at the table. This is precisely where the FRM certification makes a difference.

It provides finance professionals with the knowledge, credibility, and confidence to move past implementation and toward leadership.

If you’ve ever wondered to yourself, What is FRM? What does an FRM do? Is FRM worth it in India? This guide lays out what FRM means today. The eligibility requirements, the testing format, the skills you’ll need, and the paths it can unlock in India and across the world. You’ll also see how FRM compares to other finance designations or credentials, what salary bands are realistic, and how to prepare for the exam without burning out.

Did you know over 90,000 FRMs work in more than 190 countries, with employers like JP Morgan, Deloitte, and BlackRock?

What is FRM Certification? Why Does It Matter?

The Financial Risk Manager (FRM) designation is a premier certification granted by the Global Association of Risk Professionals (GARP). It certifies your capability to identify, assess, and respond to risk in a complex financial environment. 

Unlike a number of other finance certifications, FRM focuses solely on risk across the full spectrum from market, credit, operational, to emerging areas such as climate and fintech risk.  Today’s volatile business environment has made FRM-certified professionals indispensable.

“Modern finance is defined by new kinds of risks. FRM is the toolkit to deal with them.”

FRM is recognised worldwide as the benchmark for risk expertise. At its core, the FRM is about proving you can think like a risk professional when the stakes are highest. In practice, being FRM-certified means you’re trained to see the unseen.

Think about when you carry an umbrella in the morning, even if the skies look clear, just in case it rains! You’re judging a small risk (rain) and preparing for it. FRMs do something similar, but at a much bigger scale. For example, while headlines track the stock falls, an FRM studies the chain reaction, from loan portfolios to cash flows, and the possibility of missed payments.

🔍 What FRMs Do Differently

Trace risk ripple effects beyond immediate headlines

⬇

Build and run stress tests that guide strategy.

⬇

Anticipate multi-sector impacts (e.g., oil price → loan defaults)

The certification arms you with the tools to make these calls. You learn to measure risks, design stress tests, and frame “what if” scenarios that test the resilience of portfolios and institutions. One of the daily tasks as a risk analyst involves stress-testing loan books, running models that ask, What happens if interest rates rise by 200 basis points overnight? The answers aren’t academic; they feed directly into boardroom decisions about capital buffers, hedging strategies, and client contracts.

What makes FRM matter today is the way risks themselves have evolved. It’s no longer just about market or credit losses; you’d need to evaluate exposures in areas like cybersecurity breaches, fintech disruptions, and even climate-related events. An FRM professional is expected to not only quantify these risks but also present them in a way that decision-makers can act upon quickly and confidently.

In my career, I’ve seen how organisations lean on FRM-certified professionals during turbulence. When a regulatory stress test flags potential vulnerabilities in the liquidity profile, an FRM’s analysis and recommendations directly shape the mitigation plans.

That’s why FRM has the reputation to its name: it signals that you can operate in this environment of constant uncertainty with clarity, discipline, and foresight. For a finance professional, it’s the step from being a participant in the system to being a guardian of its stability.

✨ In Simple Terms:

FRM = Ability to anticipate risks + skills to act decisively + credibility that leadership trusts.

What makes the FRM certification matter is its focus on preparing professionals for this constant cycle of risk identification and response. Beyond traditional market and credit risk, it brings attention to evolving areas such as climate-related financial exposure, fintech disruptions, and regulatory compliance pressures.

Learn more about how you can get an FRM Certification with this PDF from Imarticus Learning, an official GARP-approved FRM Exam Prep Provider.

FRM Eligibility in 2025: Who Can Take the Exam?

The FRM course is appealing to such a wide swath of candidates because it does not confine you to rigid eligibility requirements. An MBA generally requires work experience before choosing it, and the CFA expects finance candidates. The FRM is appropriate for everyone willing to pursue a career in risk management. Having said that, it is important for every candidate to know some practical considerations before registering.

Why This Matters

FRM’s eligibility framework makes it inclusive yet rigorous. You don’t need to prove you belong to finance before entering—but you’ll certainly be tested on whether you can keep up with its demands. For Indian candidates, this openness is particularly valuable: even engineering graduates, chartered accountants, or MBA students can pivot towards risk management by taking the exam.

Educational Requirements

There are no mandatory education profiles and qualifications to register for the FRM Part I exam. GARP does not require you to have a certain degree to register. You could be a student in undergrad, a recent graduate, or a working professional.

However, here’s the catch:

  • Candidates who successfully hold a bachelor’s degree usually with a background in either finance, economics, mathematics, statistics, engineering, or business management.
  • The exam is very quantitative. If your background has not given you a solid groundwork in mathematics, probability, or a little statistics, you will likely need to dedicate extra time to solidify your preparation.

So while GARP doesn’t mandate a degree, the implicit requirement is comfort with numbers, models, and analytical reasoning.

Work Experience Requirement

To earn the official FRM designation, passing the exams alone isn’t enough. You also need to demonstrate a minimum of two years of relevant work experience in risk, finance, trading, portfolio management, auditing, consulting, or analytics.

Key points about the work experience criteria:

  • The experience can be completed before, during, or after you clear the exam.
  • It doesn’t have to be in a traditional bank. Roles in fintech, insurance, credit rating, corporate finance, or regulatory organisations also count.
  • Internships and part-time jobs typically do not qualify. GARP expects full-time, professional exposure.

What this means is you could sit for both Part I and Part II as a university student, but your “FRM Certified” badge will only be awarded once you complete the two-year work requirement and submit the verification.

Age and Location Flexibility

There is no age limit to take the FRM.

  • Many candidates appear for the exam while still in their early twenties, but it’s not uncommon to see mid-career professionals—say, a 35-year-old credit analyst—taking it to pivot into senior risk management roles.
  • Notably, the FRM is genuinely global. In 2024, exams were offered in 90+ exam centres globally — in India, in Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, and Chennai (which are all major cities in India), to name a few.
  • In 2025, GARP continued this global reach, making it accessible, no matter where you may be located.

Registration & Enrollment Prerequisites

Before appearing, candidates must:

  • Register with GARP (one-time enrollment fee of $400).
  • Pay the exam fee ($600–$1,000, depending on early vs late registration).
  • Have a valid passport or government-issued ID (mandatory for exam day).

No recommendation letters, GMAT scores, or prior certifications are needed. The simplicity of enrollment is a big part of FRM’s appeal.

How Do You Get FRM Certification?

Becoming an FRM is a journey with defined checkpoints — enrolling with GARP, passing both exam parts, and proving two years of risk-related experience. Each step builds credibility and brings you closer to a globally recognised badge of expertise.

A simple step-by-step journey that shows you exactly how to go from registering for the exam to earning the FRM credential. Follow these milestones to stay on track and achieve your certification with confidence. 

step by step guide to what is FRM certifications showing 8 key stages

Why FRM Certification Accelerates Finance Career Growth

Unlike generic finance programs, FRM adds both depth and breadth to your professional profile. It brings:

  • Credibility with Employers: Hiring managers instantly recognise FRM as proof of advanced risk skills.
  • Versatility in Roles: You can work in banking, insurance, consulting, or even tech companies, managing risk.
  • Future-Proofing: As regulations tighten, FRM-certified professionals will be in even higher demand.
  • Global Reach: It’s recognised in every major financial hub—London, New York, Singapore, and Mumbai.
what is frm career lifecycles

FRM Exam Structure

Before diving into the details, it’s important to understand how the FRM exam is organised. The structure sets the pace for your preparation and gives you a clear view of what lies ahead.

The Journey in Short

  • Two computer-based exams (MCQ): Part I (100 questions), Part II (80 questions); 4 hours each.
  • Windows now run in May, August, and November (good flexibility if work gets in the way).
  • Average reported study time: ~240 hours per part (ranges widely by background). 

FRM Topics and weightage (what you’re actually tested on)

DomainPart IPart II
Foundations of Risk Management20%–
Quantitative Analysis20%–
Financial Markets & Products30%–
Valuation & Risk Models30%–
Market Risk Measurement & Management–20%
Credit Risk Measurement & Management–20%
Operational Risk & Resilience–20%
Liquidity & Treasury Risk–15%
Risk Management & Investment Management–15%
Current Issues in Financial Markets–10%

See GARP’s 2025 Candidate Guide and Learning Objectives for the canonical list and readings.

A few things to keep in mind:

  • Pass Part II within 4 years of passing Part I.
  • Submit experience within 10 years of sitting Part II.
  • Study materials: official 2025 books (Part I/II), Learning Objectives, practice exams via the GARP portal.

⏱️ Time cost: plan 200–300 hours per part, depending on your base. GARP’s survey median is near ~240 hours. 

Who Should Pursue FRM?

FRM attracts a certain kind of professional: the ones who don’t shy away when models fail, markets shake, or regulators raise the bar. They want to learn the mechanics of risk and apply them where it matters.

Backgrounds for FRM that align well

  • Engineering/Math/Statistics folks moving into quant risk, model validation, or analytics.
  • Finance/Economics/Accounting grads aiming for credit, market, or treasury risk.
  • Data/ML professionals in fintech/banks who need risk grounding for model risk governance.

You don’t need a finance degree; you do need comfort with numbers and the patience to read technical material. GARP doesn’t impose a degree prerequisite; your relevance is proven by passing the exams and your subsequent work. (GARP)

Who benefits the most

  • FRM Course benefits people already in: credit underwriting, ALM/treasury, trading risk, stress testing, ERM, operational resilience, or model risk who want structure, credibility, and mobility.
  • Consultants servicing banks/fintechs on Basel IV, IRRBB, climate, operational resilience, or capital planning.

Who may not need it

  • If your ambition lies in equity research, investment banking deal teams, or corporate FP&A, the CFA or a focused MBA may serve you better.
  • The FRM certification is the specialist route for those aiming to build careers in the risk backbone of financial institutions.

FRM Salary in India

The FRM Course equips you to master global finance challenges. FRM salary depends on city, employer type, and how quantitative the role is. Publicly shared data points (self-reported) give a sensible range, as follows.

How do FRM Salaries look globally

Global roles are accessible to FRMs as companies worldwide hire them to play pivotal roles in risk management across various domains.

  • US Risk Analyst total pay is around $99K median (wide dispersion by bank and city). 

Indicative total pay (India)

  • Risk/Market Risk Analyst – India: median around ₹8–17 LPA, interquartile roughly ₹8.6L–₹18.9L, with 90th percentiles approaching ₹29L. 
  • Market Risk Analyst – Mumbai: averages reported around ₹14.3 LPA, with a band near ₹10L–₹18L and higher outliers. 
  • Risk Analyst – Mumbai (for broader risk titles): median near ₹9 LPA, band ₹5.5L–₹17L. 
  • Risk Analyst – Bengaluru: several submissions cluster ₹8–20.5 LPA median.

Misconceptions About FRM

For all its credibility, the FRM certification is often surrounded by misconceptions that confuse professionals considering the path. Having mentored students for FRM, I’ve heard these myths repeated more times than I can count — in interviews, from colleagues, and even in online forums. Let’s clear them up.

FRM is only for quants.

It’s true that the exam leans heavily on quantitative concepts like value at risk, probability distributions, regression analysis, etc. But in practice, FRM roles are not about sitting in a corner building equations all day.

A risk manager has to bridge models with real-world decision-making. For instance, when a trading desk’s model flags a sudden liquidity squeeze, the FRM is the one who explains what that means for the bank’s funding costs and what the board should do about it. 

FRM is Harder than CFA.

This one is a favourite debate on forums. The truth is, comparing FRM and CFA is like comparing an apple to an orange. CFA tests breadth across investments, portfolio management, and ethics.

FRM tests depth in risk. Candidates who enjoy applied problem-solving often find FRM more intuitive.

For example, a CFA question may ask you to value a bond. While an FRM question may push you to test what happens to that bond if rates jump 200 basis points overnight. The level of difficulty isn’t higher or lower; it’s targeted to a different skill set.

You Need Prior Banking Experience for FRM.

Another myth I hear often. Many successful FRM candidates come from consulting, IT, statistics, or even engineering backgrounds. In fact, the growing importance of fintech and data-driven risk functions has opened doors for professionals who never sat in a bank before. What matters is how you can apply the FRM toolkit.

I recall mentoring an engineer who had zero exposure to financial products. Within three years of earning FRM, he was leading a model risk validation team at a global bank because he could combine technical skills with risk frameworks.

FRM Guarantees a CRO Role.

The FRM is a passport, not a destination. It signals credibility, but climbing to the top to Chief Risk Officer, Partner, or equivalent, also requires leadership, governance, and business judgment.

Think of it this way: the FRM puts you in the room when critical conversations happen, but how far you go in that room depends on your ability to influence and lead. I’ve seen FRMs rise quickly when they paired the certification with real-world exposure.

👉 By separating fact from fiction, you start to see FRM for what it really is: a rigorous, respected certification that prepares you for a specialised role in finance — but one that still requires you to build complementary skills and experiences along the way.

An Overview of FRM, CFA, and PRM

If you see your career through a risk lens, the FRM makes sense in a way no other certification does.

While the CFA frames you as an investment strategist and the CPA as a numbers authority, the FRM defines you as the person who anticipates shocks, models uncertainty, and steadies the ship when markets wobble. That’s a different kind of credibility.

DimensionFRMCFAPRM
NameFinancial Risk ManagerChartered Financial AnalystProfessional Risk Manager
FocusRisk management (credit, market, liquidity, op-risk, resilience, AI/ESG risk under “current issues”)Broad finance: equity, fixed income, corporate finance, portfolio mgmt.Risk management, modular approach (credit, market, operational).
Admin BodyGARP (Global Association of Risk Professionals)CFA InstitutePRMIA (Professional Risk Managers’ International Association)
Duration2 parts; many complete in 18–24 months3 levels; usually 2.5–4 years4 exams; modular, can be quicker
Exam WindowsMay, Aug, Nov (CBT worldwide)Feb, May, Aug, Nov (staggered by level)Flexible scheduling
Work Experience Requirement2 years (risk-related)4 years (any investment/finance-related)2 years (risk/finance-related)
Cost (excluding materials)$400 enrolment + $600–$1,000 per part$940 enrolment + $1,250 per level (approx. total $3,000–4,000)$400 enrolment + $1,500–2,000 total
RecognitionStrong in banks, consulting, regulators, fintechs (risk-centric roles)Strongest overall brand in global financeRecognised, but smaller footprint
Best FitRisk managers, quants, treasury/ALM, resilience expertsPortfolio managers, investment analysts, and corporate financeRisk specialists are looking for an alternative pathway

Numbers reflect GARP’s current fee schedule and structure; CFA/PRM details vary by window and provider. 

Practical rule: If you want to be the person running risk (limits, stress, capital/liquidity, model governance), FRM fits. If you want to pick securities or work in client-facing investments, CFA fits. If you’re pure quant/dev, consider an FRM + targeted quant course stack.

Where Roles are Clustering

  • Mumbai: market/treasury risk, liquidity, large-bank credit portfolios.
  • Bengaluru: analytics/model risk for banks, global capability centres, payment/fintech risk.
  • Gurgaon/Hyderabad/Pune: consulting delivery hubs, wholesale credit analytics, stress testing.

What Employers Now ask for (Beyond FRM)

  • Ability to translate risk metrics into decisions (e.g., “what do we change Monday morning?”).
  • Comfort with data tooling (SQL + Python/R) for validation and challenger models.
  • Awareness of resilience regulation and third-party risk expectations.

👉 Takeaway: While salaries vary by industry and geography, FRM-certified professionals consistently earn 30–40% higher packages compared to their non-certified peers.

FRM vs CFA vs PRM

When finance professionals look at advancing their careers, three credentials often dominate the conversation: FRM, CFA, and PRM. Each opens doors, but in very different directions. The real question is not deciding which is “better,” but what aligns with the role you see yourself in five years from now. Be it steering risk frameworks, managing investments, or specialising in niche risk domains.

DifferentiatorFRMCFAPRM
Primary Focus on Risk Management✅❌✅
Global Recognition in Banking & Regulators✅✅✅
Popularity in India & Asia✅✅❌
Depth in Credit, Market & Operational Risk✅❌✅
Coverage of Investment & Portfolio Management❌✅❌
Quantitative & Statistical Emphasis✅❌✅
Suitability for Risk Modelling & Analytics✅❌✅
Exam Flexibility & Windows✅❌✅
Average Completion Time (<2.5 Years)✅❌✅
Work Experience Requirement (2–4 Years)✅✅✅
Cost Effectiveness (Exam + Enrolment)✅❌✅
Industry Acceptance Among Regulators (RBI, BIS, SEC)✅✅✅
Wider Job Profiles (IB, Equity, Corporate Finance)❌✅❌
CRO / Risk Head Career Path✅❌✅
Global Exam Centres & Reach✅✅✅
Breadth of Curriculum (Generalist vs Specialist)❌✅❌
Strong Demand Post-2008 Crisis & Basel Norms✅❌✅
Flexibility in Exam Attempts✅❌✅
Recognition in FinTech & Climate Risk Roles✅❌❌
Accessibility for Non-Finance Graduates✅❌✅

Still unsure which certification is best for you? Watch this video to solidify your decision!

Why FRM is the Smartest Career Move Today

The finance industry is amidst a shift. We still tend to think balance sheets are at the heart of it. But what really defines the strength of an institution, increasingly today, is how well it manages uncertainty.

The New Reality of Risk

Markets are more sensitive to global events, new technologies like AI carry risks that are tough to quantify, and regulators require a level of transparency that wasn’t asked for just a decade ago.

“In risk meetings today, the biggest question is not about the numbers. It’s about the unknowns those numbers may be hiding.”

Beyond Credit and Trading Limits

The conversations in risk teams today are very different from even five years ago. It’s no longer just about calculating credit exposures or setting trading limits.

Today, risk professionals need to ask:

  • What happens if AI-generated trading strategies distort liquidity?
  • How do we measure exposure to a supply chain shock caused by climate events?
  • Will a fintech partnership introduce hidden operational risks?

These are questions no algorithm alone can answer; you need trained professionals who can step in, interpret signals, and guide action. An FRM makes you step up to all these as a sought-after professional in the business world.

What Companies Expect Now

I’ve heard more than enough stories from my mentees about how they need to brief leadership teams on how a sudden regulatory update would reshape the capital allocation in less than three months.

The ability to break down a dense, technical problem into a strategy the board could act on is something FRM prepared you for. And this is precisely the skill companies are paying a premium for right now.

The Leadership Trajectory

For professionals eyeing leadership roles, the trajectory is clear: risk managers today are future CROs.

Boards are realising that planning for risk is a strategy. If you can show that you understand the risks shaping tomorrow’s business environment, you position yourself not just as a risk specialist but as someone who belongs in the decision-making circle.

And that’s the payoff of FRM: it’s a way of signalling that you’re prepared for the realities of modern finance, where risk defines both challenges and opportunities.

Behind every successful FRM professional is structured learning. Imarticus Learning’s FRM Certification course helps professionals make that connection.

what is frm certification

FAQs About FRM

The right career move often comes down to the right answers. These FAQs address the doubts candidates ask most often.

What is FRM certification, and why is it important?

FRM is an internationally acknowledged certification that confirms your skills in risk management, provided by GARP. An individual earns the FRM certification as a way to demonstrate that they can handle market, credit, or operational risk in practice. For those who frequently inquire about what the FRM course is, it’s a certification that forms the basis on which you can launch your global career in risk.

Can FRM help in becoming a CRO?

Yes, an FRM can play a key role in establishing you in top-management or C-suite roles like a CRO. The vast majority of CROs and senior risk leaders throughout the world have an FRM designation. The program not only builds in terms of technical depth, but it also builds leadership credibility, and therefore provides a powerful pathway into a risk career. For those who are comparing what the difference is between CFA and FRM, FRM is specifically designed for risk leadership roles. 

What is the FRM salary in India?

An entry-level analyst might expect starting salaries in the range of ₹6-9 LPA, while CROs are earning ₹35 LPA or beyond. FRMs get pay increases at a higher rate when compared to their peers or counterparts in the industry, as risk professionals typically make more than 30-40% on pay packages. If you are wondering what is FRM course in India is worth, the pay-off is leveraged due to the demand for the individual.

What does an FRM do?

FRMs assess, produce, and reduce financial risks through banking, insurance, consulting, and fintech sectors. They deal with models, stress tests, compliance, and governance to keep organisations secure. Anyone wondering what FRM is, it’s about protecting financial stability.

Is FRM better than CFA for risk management roles?

FRM is very specific about risk, while CFA is much broader in terms of investment and portfolio management. If you’re approaching the exam with a focus on trading desks, capital markets, or portfolio roles, then CFA is sufficient. However, if you’re trying to differentiate what CFA FRM is, the point is that FRM is the safer bet for risk-related roles.

What is the FRM exam structure like?

The FRM exam has two parts (part 1 has 100 questions) and part 2 has 80 4-hour exams. This exam is offered three times a year globally, including in India. If you are looking at what an FRM exam format looks like, anticipate quantitative, analytical, and scenario assessment.

How much does it cost to take an FRM course?

You can expect FRM course fees to include a one-time enrollment fee of $400 and exam fees ranging from $600–$1,000, depending on registration (early vs late).

What I’d Tell A Serious FRM Candidate

If you enjoy connecting the maths to the mess or numbers to narratives, FRM is a good investment. The certification alone won’t hand you a front-row seat; pairing it with applied project work (credit/market dashboards, liquidity stress playbooks, model reviews) is what unlocks opportunities and pay growth.

The path I generally recommend for most candidates in India:

  1. Do your Part I 
  2. Take a risk internship/rotation or analytics role
  3. Do Part II within a year
  4. Ship a tangible project (e.g., ECL model review, liquidity stress automation, op-risk scenario pack)
  5. Interview with evidence, not adjectives.

If you want structure for your prep, explore FRM preparation with Imarticus Learning that will keep you honest on timelines, mock cadence, and feedback loops—and make sure they orient around the official GARP materials rather than replacing them. 

What is CMA? The Best Career Option In 2025

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

Are you wondering, “What is CMA?” Commerce and Finance graduates often ponder this as a career path. Certified Management Accountant (CMA) is a prominent accounting and finance career path. It is globally recognised and opens doors to dynamic, leadership-oriented roles and global career opportunities in the field of management accounting and financial management.

In this fast-paced global market, driven by the rise in unicorn startups and the tremendous growth of Big 4 Accountancy Firms, there is a surge in demand for qualified accounting, management, and financial professionals. Amidst this demand for qualified professionals, many are asking, ‘What is CMA and how can it propel my career?’

CMA is one such professional qualification that is emerging and gaining international recognition across the industry. This guide will explain why CMA is projected to be the top career choice in 2025, covering its syllabus, exam details, scope, and career path.

What is the full form of CMA?

The full form of CMA is Certified Management Accountant.

The CMA course has two variants. Recognised institutions offer both.

  • IMA (Institute of Management Accountants) offers CMA in the US and has global recognition in over 150 countries.
  • ICMAI (Institute of Cost Accountants of India) offers CMA in India with limited international exposure; however, it is recognised by IMA.

CMA was previously known as the Institute of Cost and Works Accountants (ICWA), which was offered by ICWAI. ICWAI is now renamed The ICMAI (Institute of Cost Accountants of India).

So, with these different forms, what exactly is CMA’s core function in the business world?” or “Beyond its organisational structure, what is CMA in terms of its practical application?” Let’s also address the fundamental question: What is CMA?

What is CMA?

A CMA provides critical insights that drive profitability and sustainable growth within any organisation. CMAs are trained to analyse financial performance, predict scenarios, minimise risks, and help leadership teams to achieve operational efficiency and strategic business decisions. 

What sets CMAs apart from other accountants is their focus on analysis and strategic influence. CMAs are trusted to shape the financial future of a business. As a CFA, their role carries significant analytical and strategic weight. Executive leadership, operational managers, and investors depend on their insights to make informed business decisions.

Imagine this: You’re planning a monthly household budget. You don’t just note how much you spent last month; you also decide, “If electricity bills rise, we’ll cut back on takeout. If there’s a bonus, we’ll save half and upgrade the fridge.” That’s what CMAs do for companies — they don’t stop at recording, they prepare for “what ifs.”

If you’re serious about CMA, here’s a bonus -Imarticus Learning is a Gold Learning Partner of IMA, which means you get official, trusted training with globally recognised guidance.

What is the CMA Course?

Having covered the basics, let’s explore in more detail: What is the CMA course, and how does it equip professionals for success?

CMA is a professional course offered by ICMAI to develop skilled professionals in the field of Cost and Management Accountancy and to perform exceptional service in the developing economy.

This often leads to the question: What is CMA offering that traditional paths might not? Careers in traditional financial fields like accounting, auditing, or taxation can become stagnant, with limited opportunities. The Certified Management Accountant (CMA) offers a fresh path with a highly recognised professional certification in the international market, equipping individuals with a comprehensive skill set to excel in management accounting, financial planning, decision analysis, and control.

In 2025, the demand for CMA professionals is soaring as companies need certified professionals for cost optimisation and improving operational efficiencies to maximise their profits in this emerging market.

Key Features of the CMA Program

When I look at the CMA (Certified Management Accountant, US CMA) credential, what stands out to me is how it’s designed to shape finance professionals into strategic leaders rather than just technical experts. When we consider these features, it becomes clear why many professionals are asking: What is CMA’s unique value proposition in today’s finance landscape?

One of the most underrated features is how adaptable CMA is across industries. I’ve worked with manufacturing setups where cost control is king, and I’ve advised in tech companies where forecasting and scenario analysis matter more. The CMA toolkit is broad enough to make you valuable in both places. That kind of versatility is rare in finance qualifications, and it’s what makes this certification future-proof.

And then there’s the global respect. I like to compare it to having a “common business language.” Wherever you go, whether it’s a consulting firm in London, a tech company in Bangalore, or a bank in New York, the CMA designation signals that you’re not just another accountant, but someone who understands the wider game of business. This opens doors that you didn’t even know existed when you started.

Finally, job security doesn’t come from a piece of paper. It comes from being the kind of professional who is difficult to replace. CMA equips you by helping build a comprehensive mindset, like control, analysis, strategy, and ethics. It strengthens your personality to hold up under pressure, to adapt to change, and to keep adding value – something that the present-day employer seeks!

Here are some of the features of CMA I find most important:

Comprehensive & Strategic Curriculum

I see the CMA syllabus covering much more than traditional accounting. It combines areas like strategic planning, risk management, decision analysis, performance management, and advanced cost control. To me, this makes it clear that CMAs are trained to think beyond the numbers and contribute to business strategy.

Think of this like when you’re cooking dinner for friends, you are following a recipe; tasting, adjusting salt, deciding whether to add another side dish depending on how many guests show up, etc. Similarly, preparing for a CMA helps you learn how to constantly monitor, adjust, and align your actions with the bigger picture.

Global Recognition & Credibility

In my view, one of the biggest advantages of the CMA is its global reach. Since CMA is backed by IMA, USA, it is recognised in over 150 countries. This gives professionals the flexibility to pursue careers internationally.

Rigorous Examination Structure

I find the exam format particularly strong-it has two parts that test both multiple-choice knowledge and essay-based application. This balance ensures that candidates aren’t just memorising concepts but also demonstrating how to apply them in real business scenarios.

Ethics & Professional Standards

I like how the program builds in a strong focus on ethics. It reinforces that finance leaders need not only technical expertise but also integrity and accountability.

Hands-On, Real-World Case Studies

From my perspective, the inclusion of case studies is a standout feature. They give learners the chance to practise problem-solving in situations that mirror real corporate challenges.

Technology & Analytics Focus

I also notice that the CMA program keeps pace with modern finance by incorporating analytics, ERP systems, and tech-driven decision-making. That emphasis makes it highly relevant for today’s data-driven roles.

Internship & Industry Immersion Opportunities

I think it’s valuable that learners may gain access to internships with leading firms. This kind of exposure helps them bridge the gap between classroom learning and industry practice.

Money-Back Guarantee / Risk Mitigation

Another aspect I appreciate is how some providers reduce the financial risk of enrolment with refund or guarantee options if a learner doesn’t pass.

Placement & Career-Readiness Support

I see career services as a big plus. Resume workshops, interview preparation, and placement bootcamps make the program more practical and outcome-focused.

Flexible Scheduling & Exam Windows

Finally, I like that the CMA offers flexible exam windows-Jan–Feb, May–June, and Sept–Oct-allowing candidates to plan around their schedules and take the two parts in any order.

How CMA adds value to your career

When I think about the CMA, I don’t just see it as an exam or a certificate I hang on my wall. It is a passport that changed how I looked at business, finance, and even my own career choices. What sets the CMA apart, at least in my experience, is not one single feature but the way multiple dimensions of professional life come together under its umbrella.

For example, the earning potential isn’t just about the extra numbers on a payslip. It’s about the confidence you carry when you walk into a room and know you can argue a financial case backed by global best practices. That confidence almost always gets noticed, and it often translates into better pay.

I’ve seen colleagues without the credential doing the same work, yet the way a CMA articulates solutions makes decision-makers listen differently.

Leadership, too, is not promised on paper-it’s something you grow into. What the CMA does is nudge you out of the comfort zone of pure accounting and into conversations about performance, growth, and strategy.

You stop being the person who “closes the books” and start becoming the one who advises on what to do with the numbers. Over time, that shift is what places CMAs in senior management and leadership tracks across industries.

Strong Conceptual Learning 

        ↓

Practical Application in Business Decisions 

        ↓

Global Recognition and Career Opportunities 

        ↓

Professional Resilience in Changing Markets 

        ↓

Pathway to Strategic Leadership Roles

Is CMA Worth It?

After exploring its features and value, the ultimate question remains: What is CMA truly worth for your career? If you are passionate about costing, management, or auditing but do not want to create a career in the stereotypical Accountant Pathway, CMA is the best option for you. The value of the CMA lies in how closely it aligns with the realities of modern finance. It prepares you for roles where analysis, planning, and decision-making are central.

Think of how you’d approach buying a new phone. You wouldn’t just look at the price tag; you’d compare features, durability, and resale value. A CMA’s role is similar — helping organisations look beyond cost and evaluate the long-term value of every decision.

Employers trust it because it signals readiness for responsibilities that go beyond recording transactions.

FactorBenefits CMA Gives in the Real World
CredibilityRecognised as a benchmark in management accounting and financial management worldwide.
Career GrowthOpens pathways to mid and senior-level roles in planning, analysis, and decision support.
Skill DevelopmentBuilds expertise in strategic thinking, problem-solving, and financial decision-making.
Practical RelevanceCurriculum closely aligned with business performance and management practices.
Global RecognitionAccepted across industries and countries, enhancing mobility and opportunities.
Return on EffortA concentrated exam structure allows professionals to qualify in a shorter time frame.
Employer DemandCompanies actively seek CMAs for their ability to connect finance with strategy.

A major reason the CMA is worth pursuing is credibility. A CMA credential reflects discipline, commitment, and the ability to apply knowledge in complex business environments. It shows that you have met rigorous global standards in management accounting and financial management.

CMAs often move into positions that involve planning, forecasting, and strategic support. These are roles with greater visibility and influence, and they often lead to faster progression within an organisation.

The curriculum is designed to sharpen problem-solving and critical thinking. Every concept is connected to improving performance, managing risk, or guiding long-term decisions. That makes the learning experience practical and relevant, rather than confined to academic theory.If you’re passionate about a career in management accounting, pursuing the US CMA is a powerful step. 

Did you know?
The CMA doesn’t wait for complaints. It has the power to launch “market studies” – deep dives into entire sectors like mobile apps, care homes, or even the funeral industry! They’re like economic detectives, searching for hidden issues that stop competition from working fairly, even if no one has officially complained yet. If they find problems, they can demand changes!

CMA India vs US CMA

The Certified Management Accountant (CMA) India is offered by the ICMAI. It enables individuals to acquire expertise and skills in the domain of financial planning, analysis, control, decision-making, and professional ethics required to build a dynamic career in the field of cost and management accounting in India. It is recognised within India, some neighbouring countries, and the Middle East. It is highly recognised in the Indian government and the private sector, but is limited to global recognition. 

The US CMA is offered by the IMA (Institute of Management Accountants). It enables individuals to gain expertise in the field of financial management and management accounting, to help professionals advance their careers internationally.

This professional certification is regarded as highly reputable in the field of management accounting. It is accepted in over 150 countries, making it the best choice for a career with global opportunities.

Other countries that offer CMA courses are Canada, Australia, the UAE and Saudi Arabia. These programs are local and usually country-specific with a domestic scope. The organising bodies have a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the IMA USA.

You can opt for these CMA courses if you plan to work in that specific country; however, the US CMA offers global exposure and international mobility.

The following explains the difference between a US CMA and CMA India in a more easy-to-understand manner.

FeatureUS CMACMA India
Governing BodyInstitute of Management Accountants (IMA), USAInstitute of Cost Accountants of India (ICAI)
Recognised In150+ countriesIndia, some neighbouring countries in Asia, the Middle East, and Canada.
Exam Structure2 Parts: Financial Planning & Strategic Financial Management3 Levels: Foundation, Intermediate, Final
Exam ModeOnline at Prometric centres globallyPen-and-paper mode, biannual exams
Global RecognitionHigh; recognised in 150+ countriesModerate, mainly India and some international presence
Average SalaryAround $107,817 (approx. INR 80-90 lakhs)INR 6-12 lakhs per year
Duration to Complete6-18 months2-3 years generally; 3.5-4 years including internship
Work Experience2 years required, can be before or within 7 years after passing3 years mandatory, including 15 months internship
Pass RateApprox. 40-50%Low, around 10-20% due to course difficulty
Focus AreasStrategic and Financial ManagementCost management, taxation, and regulatory compliance
Ideal ForInternational careers, MNCs, strategic rolesCareers in the Indian market, regulatory compliance
Exam Cost$1,000 – $2,500Approx. INR 50,000 – INR 100,000
Continuing Education30 hours annually (including 2 hours ethics)20 hours annually
Job ProfilesFinancial Analyst, CFO, Management AccountantCost Accountant, Auditor, Tax Consultant

Candidates can choose between the Indian and the USA variant based on their career choices and interests. You can read the blog to decide which course is better for you: US CMA VS India CMA.

Who Can Pursue CMA?

Now that we’ve established what is CMA and its benefits, let’s look at who can embark on this journey. What interests me the most about the CMA journey is that it doesn’t just test your knowledge; it shapes the way you think about business.

The most common question in the minds of aspirants is:
What is CMA?
What is the CMA course eligibility?
Who can apply for CMA?

What is the eligibility needed for CMA after class 12?

Honestly, it’s not easy when these questions buzz in your mind. So let’s get a clear picture of the eligibility criteria for CMA:

  • Age Criteria: Candidates appearing for CMA have a minimum age limit of 18 years. 
  • Educational Qualifications: Bachelor’s degree from a recognised University, ideally in the field of accounting, finance, business, or a related field, accepted by IMA.
  • Experience: You’ll also need at least 2 years of professional experience in management accounting or financial management.

Starting Your CMA Journey – Your Roadmap

No one is confident enough to clear the CMA Exam without following a proper pathway. It takes consistency, a rigorous study routine, strategy, patience, resilience and a clear approach. Many aspirants lose track, but with a strategic approach, the journey is less daunting and a lot more manageable.

  1. Enrol yourself in a CMA Prep Program: The first step in your journey is most crucial for your success.
  2. Build your Foundation: Dive deep into the core subjects by attending interactive lessons with dynamic content, quizzes, and exercises.
  3. Take the help of Live Expert Support: Clarify your doubts from live online classes or dedicated Q&A sessions with experienced instructors.
  4. Make use of Revision Support: Participate in intensive revision classes focusing on high-weightage topics, quick guides and personalised revision strategies.
  5. Practice Well: Access practice questions covering all exam topics and take simulated exams under timed conditions to be prepared.
  6. Register & Clear the CMA Exams: Get the IMA Membership, schedule the exam and successfully pass both parts to officially earn your prestigious US CMA credential.
  7. Attend Placement Bootcamp: Attend the Resume Building Workshops, grab networking opportunities to connect with recruiters and industry professionals to expand your career network, participate in mock interviews, and receive constructive feedback.
  8. Get Placed in Global Accounting Firms: Leverage your prep provider’s industry connections for opportunities with top firms.

If you’re looking to elevate your career beyond traditional accounting roles and truly drive an organisation’s success, understanding what is CMA and what it entails is your crucial first step.

CMA Course Duration

One can complete the US CMA Course in about 6 to 12 months for both parts. 

A few factors that can reduce or increase the duration for certain candidates:

  • Pace of study: Candidates who dedicate 12 to 15 hours per day to self-study or enrol themselves in a professional training institute can complete the course anywhere between a span of  6 to 8 months.
  • Prior knowledge: Candidates who have qualified for ACCA or any other IMA (Institute of Management Accountants) recognised course with a similar background can also clear the exam in 6 to 9 months.
  • Experience: Candidates with professional experience can complete the course in 6 to 9 months.
  • Candidates qualifying for exemptions might have fewer subjects to prepare, which often reduces the study time and thus reduces the course duration.

CMA Exemptions

US CMA rarely offers exemptions. If you hold any professional degree with global recognition or from an organisation that has a collaboration with IMA, you might get a few exemptions. It rewards consistency, discipline, and practical application of concepts across finance, accounting, and strategy.

  • Educational Qualifications: Candidates who hold a fully qualified ACCA(Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) credential are exempt from the CMA Exam’s educational qualification requirement.
  • Membership: ICMAI CMA Members are exempt from holding an active Membership with IMA.

CMA Course Attempt Limits

  • There is no maximum limit for attempts in the US CMA. 
  • You are required to pass both parts within three years of registration. 
  • You are required to follow a 30-day waiting period between two attempts. 
  • If you fail to clear both parts within the eligibility period, you are required to register again by paying the application fees.

US CMA Course Structure

The CMA curriculum tests your understanding and skills of financial and management accounting, preparing you for strategic and leadership roles.          

CMA Syllabus – Part 1

CMA Part 1 consists of Financial Planning, Performance, and Analytics:

SubjectsWeightage
External Financial Reporting Decisions15%
Planning, Budgeting and Forecasting20%
Performance Management20%
Cost Management15%
Internal Controls15%
Technology and Analytics15%

CMA Syllabus – Part 2

CMA Part 2 consists of Strategic Financial Management:

SubjectsWeightage
Financial Statement Analysis20%
Corporate Finance20%
Business Decision Analysis25%
Enterprise Risk Management10%
Capital Investment Decisions10%
Professional Ethics15%

You can also read this blog to get a detailed insight into the CMA syllabus.

CMA Exam Details

The CMA is built around decision-making, analysis, and strategy. This is unlike other accounting qualifications that focus heavily on rules and compliance.

This makes it highly relevant for professionals who want to move into roles where they influence business performance rather than simply report on it. The exam structure is straightforward, globally standardised, and flexible enough to fit the schedule of working professionals.

CMA Exam Pattern

The CMA Exam consists of 500 marks with a duration of 4 hours and is divided into two sections:

  • 100 multiple-choice questions carry a 75% weightage.
  • 2 Essay-based questions carry a 25% weightage. 
  • There is no negative marking for MCQs.
  • To pass the CMA exams, candidates must score at least 360 out of 500 marks or 72%. 

CMA Exam Schedule

The CMA exams are conducted in three testing windows across January-February, May-June and September-October. The exams are proctored online and administered through Prometric Testing Centres across India and worldwide. 

Here’s a guide to help you crack the CMA USA certification. 

CMA Registration

To take the CMA Exams, you need to first register with the organising institute of CMA.

ICMAI Registration for India

You need to register under ICMAI. The registration is valid for 7 years for Intermediate and Final. If you do not successfully clear the intermediate and final within this period, then you can apply for re-registration under the DE NOVO registration.

IMA (Institute of Management Accountants) Membership for US CMA

To be eligible for the CMA Course, it is mandatory to be an active member registered with IMA.

CMA Fees

Understanding the CMA fee structure is just as important as understanding the syllabus. The CMA journey involves two separate payments – one to Imarticus Learning for your training, and another to IMA USA, the official certifying body that conducts the global exams.

At Imarticus Learning, the CMA course study fee is ₹1,10,000, which covers comprehensive coaching, study material, and continuous exam support. What stands out is the 50% refund assurance – if a learner doesn’t pass even after two attempts, half the fee is returned. That level of confidence in outcomes speaks volumes about the programme’s effectiveness.

The second component is the IMA Board Fee, payable directly to IMA USA in USD, which includes the membership, entrance, and exam fees. As an Imarticus learner, you also receive an exclusive 30-40% discount on these fees, making the international certification far more affordable.

Note: Since IMA fees are charged in USD, the final amount may fluctuate slightly depending on the exchange rate.

A Lesser-known Fact About CMAs:
CMAs are your shield against deceptive deals, as a huge part of their mandate is direct consumer protection! They tackle unfair trading practices, misleading claims, and even aggressive sales tactics, which can hit everyday shoppers.

CMA Career Opportunities & Scope

A CMA certification, unlike other certifications, is a passport to versatile and high-impact career opportunities across the globe. Most people think CMA is just about crunching spreadsheets and minting money. But in reality, it is beyond that and opens doors to unimaginable opportunities like global recognition, diverse roles, high demand in India and even better pay.

Picture a family deciding on a vacation. You balance options — a short road trip that’s cheaper vs. an overseas holiday that’s pricier but memorable. You compare costs, benefits, and timing. In the same way, CMAs help businesses weigh choices and recommend the one that delivers the best value.

cma vs non cma

CMA Salary in India & Abroad

CMAs get a lucrative salary in India, ranging from:

  •  ₹4-10 LPA for freshers and entry-level professionals, while top-ranking candidates can get ₹17-26 LPA. 
  • Mid-senior level salary ranges from ₹7-12 LPA and can be higher based on experience. 
  • Senior professionals earn between ₹15-20 LPA on average, while experienced professionals earn beyond ₹50 LPA-1 crore per annum.
  • Entry-level CMAs in the USA earn between ₹40 and ₹ 60 LPA. The average salary for an experienced CMA in the USA ranges between ₹85 LPA and ₹ 1.1 crores. 

CMA Job Roles

A CMA qualification unlocks the door to versatile career opportunities. The CMA offers opportunities in accounting, financial management, planning, analytics, information systems, and even consulting. With experience, CMAs can advance to senior leadership positions in various industries.
Some prominent job roles where CMAs work are:

Industries where CMAs are in demand

When you’re looking at your career path, it’s quite obvious to wonder if you’re choosing the right specialisation. Will it limit you? Will it open doors?

What’s really cool about the CMA is that it’s not just about one narrow lane. You can think of it like gaining a universal translator in the language of business strategy. Suddenly, you’re not just understanding one industry; you’re equipped to dive into the strategic financial challenges of practically any sector that sparks your interest.

If you wish to work in the fast-paced world of consumer goods, the precision of healthcare, the innovation of tech, or even the broad scope of government, your CMA skills become your passport. You’re no longer limited to one particular industry.

It’s about empowering you to pick your adventure, knowing you can contribute meaningfully wherever you choose to lead.

  • Government and PSUs
  • FMCG 
  • Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals
  • Automobiles & Manufacturing
  • IT Consulting Firms & Technology
  • Conglomerates
  • Big 4, Accounting and Consulting firms
industries where CMA's are in demand

Top Companies Hiring CMAs

CMAs are in huge demand across various industries. Companies actively recruit CMAs to drive business growth. Here’s a list of companies that hire CMA professionals:

  • KPMG, Deloitte, PwC, EY, 
  • ONGC, GAIL, Indian Oil, 
  • Infosys, Wipro, TCS, 
  • BCG, Grant Thornton, Amazon, Microsoft, 
  • HUL, Nestle, Mahindra and Mahindra, Tata Motors, 
  • Genpact, Crisil, Barclays, MSCI, and many others.

Both ICMAI and IMA (Institute of Management Accountants) have a career partnership and networking events where they offer placement services with top companies.

If you’re still wondering, “Is CMA worth it?” Have a look at this video explaining CMA Career Benefits & Opportunities.

Interesting Fact!
According to the IMA, salary surveys show that younger professionals (aged under 30) get higher pay on earning a CMA, indicating its power to significantly accelerate career growth.

CMA vs CA vs ACCA vs CPA – Which Should You Choose?

Isn’t it challenging to choose the right accounting certification? This overview will help you visualise a clear picture.

Now you must be wondering, and as you should, that there are all these wide ranges of certifications available. All have their reputation, their pros and cons, their credibility. How do I know CMA is best suited for me? Let us explain with the help of this grid.

✅ = Strongly aligns / clear advantage
❌ = Not a primary feature / weaker fit

DifferentiatorCMA (US)CA (India)ACCA (UK)CPA (US)
Shortest average completion time✅❌❌✅
Best suited for corporate/industry finance✅✅✅✅
Minimal mandatory articleship/training✅❌✅✅
Strong management accounting & FP&A focus✅❌✅❌
Global recognition across 100+ countries✅❌✅✅
Curriculum aligned with US & IFRS standards.✅❌✅✅
Flexible exam windows (computer-based)✅❌✅✅
Best fit for working professionals✅❌✅✅
Balanced difficulty vs. reward ratio✅❌✅✅
Higher salary uplift for FP&A roles✅❌✅✅
Lower attrition/dropout compared to CA.✅❌✅✅
Direct corporate entry without audit focus✅❌✅✅
Strong integration of analytics & decision support✅❌✅✅
Reciprocity with CPA and other bodies✅❌✅✅
Employer sponsorships are common in MNCs✅❌✅✅
Suited for career switchers (non-commerce)✅❌✅✅
Cost-to-benefit ROI is favourable globally.✅✅❌❌
Easier retake and scheduling flexibility✅❌✅✅
Ethics, risk & control emphasis embedded✅✅✅✅
Smooth transition pathway to CPA later✅❌✅✅

What are the Benefits of CMA?

Whenever I evaluate a professional certification, I like to weigh it against three things: career outcomes, global mobility, and return on investment. The CMA, in my opinion, checks all three boxes.

First, the career impact is undeniable. CMAs are positioned for roles that go beyond accounting-think financial strategy, risk management, business analysis, and leadership positions. That versatility makes the credential far more valuable than a qualification that limits you to traditional bookkeeping or compliance work.

Second, the global recognition of the CMA across 150+ countries makes it especially worthwhile. It allows professionals to build careers in whichever country they wish to, freeing them from the boundaries of geography. For someone aiming to build an international career, work with multinational companies or explore opportunities abroad, that’s a huge advantage.

Finally, when I look at the return on investment, the numbers speak for themselves. CMAs typically earn a significant premium over their non-certified peers, and the certification itself can be completed in a relatively short period compared to other finance qualifications. That means the payback period-both in terms of time and money-is much shorter.

So, is CMA worth it? Absolutely yes!.

Why Choose CMA Certification?

The CMA is a globally recognised certification with a strong earning potential. The CMA isn’t just a certification but an investment in your future. With average salaries of $100,000–$125,000 in the US and ₹6-25 LPA in India, and even higher for top experienced professionals.

It builds your ability to analyse numbers and connect them with decisions, and decisions with growth. That’s exactly why the CMA is more than a certification; it’s proof that you can lead with insight and make an impact on a global scale.

If you are still not clear about what is CMA? This US CMA course guide can help you get a detailed insight into why it’s the right career choice for you.

FAQs About CMA Course

Here are a few frequently asked questions about the CMA course.

What is a CMA qualification?

CMA is a globally recognised professional certification in accounting offered by the IMA (Institute of Management Accountants), which opens global career opportunities with high pay. 

What is the CMA salary in India?

CMAs in India have a higher salary, with freshers drawing ₹4-26 LPA, ₹7-50 LPA for mid-level professionals and ₹15 LPA to 1 crore per annum for senior professionals.

What are the salary ranges for a CMA in India and abroad? 

The salary range for CMA in India starts from ₹4 LPA for freshers up to ₹1 crore per annum for senior executives. At the same time, the salary range for a CMA in the USA is between ₹40 LPA to 1.1 crore per annum.

What is the CMA exam pattern? 

The CMA exam is a total of 4 hours, which consists of 2 parts for a total of 500 marks per part. The exam is conducted in an online proctored format.

What is CMA eligibility?

Candidates who hold a Bachelor’s degree and have 2 years of work experience in financial and management accounting can pursue the  CMA.

What are the specific subjects and exam pattern for CMA India and the US?

CMA India is a comprehensive course distributed across three levels that focuses on basic foundational subjects of cost accounting, and also covers financial accounting, business laws, direct and indirect taxation, management accounting, cost auditing, ethics, and corporate governance in-depth.

US CMA comprises two parts that emphasise financial planning, performance management, internal controls, corporate finance and decision analysis skills for a global aspect.

What is the paper pattern for CMA US?

The US CMA exam includes two parts for a total of 4 hours per part, with each part having 100 MCQs and two essay-based questions.

What is CMA Inter?

CMA Inter or CMA Intermediate is the second level of CMA. This level builds on the knowledge gained and deepens understanding, and emphasises application skills through the subjects. Candidates who have completed the CMA Foundation or a Bachelor’s Degree are eligible for this level.

What are CMA and CPA?

CMA is a Certified Management Accountant who primarily works in the corporate finance sector, and CPA stands for Certified Public Accountant who works in the public accounting role.

What is the difference between CA and CMA?

CA is a chartered accountant who works predominantly in the field of accounting, taxation and auditing. CMA is a certified management accountant who works primarily in cost accounting, financial accounting, management and risk analytics.

Your Next Steps

Ultimately, understanding what is CMA is the first step towards a strategic and globally recognised career in finance. CMA isn’t just another certification. It’s a career passport giving you the confidence to walk into interviews, global recognition to stand out, and the skills to shape financial strategies that create a lasting impact in the business world.

So if you’re asking yourself, “Is CMA really worth it?” the answer lies in your ambition. If you want to secure a job, any degree might get you one. But if you want to create a strategic career with global opportunities, CMA could be your game-changer.

At Imarticus, we offer extensive and outcome-focused training customised to your needs, networking events, immersion, industry collaborations, and a lot more to equip you with employable skills and the confidence to work in the corporate and business world. Are you ready to begin your career with the US CMA certification from IMA’s Gold Learning Partner? Enol now!

What is CFA? A Definitive Guide For 2025

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

This question always buzzes in the minds of commerce students and working professionals: What is CFA? You might have heard about investment banking, but have you ever wondered what course or qualification is required to become one? The CFA course helps you embark on your career in Investment Banking.

A CFA charterholder is a highly respected qualification by employers worldwide, giving you an edge over top management graduates. A CFA certification is not just a change in designation but a gateway to extraordinary opportunities in the world of finance.

Imagine you’re sitting in an exam hall with aspiring finance professionals. Everyone has the same dream of earning the three golden letters after their name, “CFA”.

The real challenge? Only about one in two candidates actually makes it to the finish line. The road is undoubtedly tough, but every step is absolutely worth it. And in this guide, I’ll walk you through everything you need to know not just to survive, but thrive on your CFA journey.

The CFA journey is challenging. But if you dream of working at Wall Street or Dalal Street with confidence, this certificate could be your golden ticket. The only question is, are you ready to begin your quest?

This guide will demystify your understanding of what is CFA course?

What is CFA?

The Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) credential is the undisputed gold standard in investment management, equity research, portfolio management, risk analysis — anywhere serious finance happens. It’s not just about numbers or theories: it’s about building a calibre of thinking that separates the average from the exceptional.

Imagine you’re standing among 200,000+ finance professionals worldwide — that’s the current number of CFA charterholders who carry the designation in over 160 countries.

Here’s what makes it real:

  • The CFA syllabus consists of three levels. Level I tests your fundamentals. Level II forces you to apply these under pressure. Level III demands judgment — you must think like a portfolio manager, balancing risk, strategy, and ethics.
  • In May 2025, only 45% of those who took the Level I Exams passed — a sign of how rigorous the exam really is.
  • Level II in that same cycle saw a 54% pass rate, which is still tough, still discriminates the truly prepared.
  • Level III isn’t a walk in the park either. In February 2025, just 49% made it through.

And it’s not only about technical knowledge. The CFA Institute weaves ethics, professional conduct, and integrity into every level — not as afterthoughts, but as foundational pillars. When you complete all three exams and fulfil the work experience requirement, you don’t just earn a certificate: you gain a badge that says you’re serious about your craft.

CFA Course: What It Is and Why It Matters

When I first heard about the CFA, I have to admit, it sounded intimidating. Three tough exams, global recognition, and a curriculum that spans everything from portfolio management to ethics. But the more I dug in, the more I realised why it’s considered the gold standard in finance.

What is the full form of CFA?

The full form of CFA is Chartered Financial Analyst, offered by the CFA Institute. It’s one of those credentials that immediately tells people you know your stuff. From what I’ve read, it’s not just about memorising formulas – it’s about learning how to think like someone making real investment decisions, managing risks, and analysing markets at a high level. It is a highly regarded career choice for professionals looking to advance in executive positions.

What exactly is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)?

The CFA is a globally recognised designation in investment management, respected as one of the highest credentials in the world of finance.

The CFA course is ideal for a career path in investment banking, portfolio management, and financial analysis, unlike other professional financial certifications with a focus on management accounting, financial accounting, auditing and taxation.

What exactly does a CFA do?

I’ve seen that CFA charterholders end up doing some pretty impactful work. They’re in investment management, corporate finance, equity research, and portfolio strategy. Essentially, they help companies make big decisions, often with millions of dollars on the line. It’s not an easy path — less than half of candidates pass each level — but that’s exactly why it’s so respected.

A CFA charterholder works in investment management, financial reporting and analysis, corporate finance, equity investment strategies, and economics. CFAs usually work in large financial services and investment banking organisations, where they are required to do extensive research and analysis.

This plays an essential role in guiding companies to make challenging and informed decisions in the complex financial markets.

💡 Imarticus is an authorised preparation provider of the CFA program, which is considered the gold standard of investment certification. 

You can even kickstart your CFA journey with industry leaders – Imarticus Learning offers CFA Training in collaboration with KPMG in India, giving aspirants both academic depth and real-world, practical exposure.

Is CFA Worth it in India? 

Let’s be real – CFA isn’t an easy ride. The exams are tough, the pass rate is low, and it takes years of effort. So is it worth it if you’re in India? For most people who want to break into finance or grow faster in the industry, yes, it is.

Here’s what makes it worth the grind:

  • It gives you a global badge of credibility. Whether you’re applying to firms in Mumbai or Singapore, those three letters carry weight.
  • In India, CFAs usually earn more than their non-CFA peers. Freshers may start around ₹8–10 LPA, but with experience, salaries often push past ₹40 LPA in top roles.
  • Clearing it shows employers you’ve got discipline and depth. That’s why CFAs are often trusted with serious investment decisions.
  • You also get plugged into a community of charterholders worldwide – people you can learn from, network with, and lean on.

Yes, the exams are brutal – less than half the people pass. But that’s what makes the CFA special. It signals that you’ve pushed through something most people can’t, and in finance, that reputation really matters.

Why Pursue the CFA?

You might be wondering, why do thousands of people around the world put themselves through the grind of the CFA exams every year? Because those three letters open doors that very few other qualifications can. The CFA isn’t just another certification; rather, it’s a mark of credibility, trust, and expertise in finance. The designation is globally recognised and respected.

It also signals something deeper to employers: discipline. Passing CFA levels does not just show your smartness, but also consistency, focus, and resilience — the qualities that matter just as much as technical skills in high-stakes finance. Beyond the bookish knowledge, you also join a worldwide network of charterholders — mentors, peers, and industry leaders you can learn from and lean on as your career grows.

In short, you don’t just pursue the CFA for the knowledge — you pursue it for the credibility, the career opportunities, and the community it connects you to.

How Long Does it take to Become a CFA?

It takes 2.5 to 4 years to clear all levels of CFA. This duration can vary depending on preparation time and how quickly you clear the exams.

 Conducted Preparation Time
CFA Level 1Feb, May, Aug, and Nov.6-9 months
CFA Level 2May, Aug, and Nov.9-12 months
CFA Level 3Feb and Aug.9-12 months

On average, candidates spend 300+ study hours per level, and the typical candidate finishes in about 3 years, if they clear all levels in their first attempt.

CFA Attempt Limits

You can take each Level of the CFA Exam a maximum of 6 times, with only two attempts per level each year. There is a waiting period of 6 months to retake the same level.

Interesting Fact – CFA is Not Just for Finance Majors. While most candidates come from finance or economics, people from engineering, IT, and even law backgrounds pursue it to enter the investment world.

The CFA Program Structure: A Deep Dive into the Levels 

If you are still doubting what is the CFA program? The CFA curriculum builds candidates with a strong financial and investment foundation.

It includes topics like:

  • Ethics,
  • Economics,
  • Quantitative methods,
  • Financial reporting,
  • Corporate finance,
  • Equity,
  • Fixed income,
  • Derivatives,
  • Alternative investments, and
  • Portfolio management.

Overview of CFA Exam Structure & CFA Exam Levels Explained

The CFA Exams build your knowledge, test your expertise and application skills in finance, investment and reporting. The table below explains key points for each Exam Level.

CFA LevelStage NameFocus AreasExam Duration & StructureQuestion TypeKey Skills Tested
CFA Level 1Foundation-10 Core Subjects
– Practical Skills Module		– 2 sessions of 2 hrs 15 mins (135 mins) each- Total duration: 4 hrs 30 mins– 180 Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)– No negative marking– Understanding fundamental concepts- Building core finance knowledge- Interpreting financial statements
CFA Level 2Asset Valuation & Application– 10 Core Subjects
– Application &
Analytical Skills
– Mastery in Asset Valuation		– 2 sessions of 2 hrs 12 mins (132 mins) each- Total duration: 4 hrs 24 mins- Each session has 11 item sets– 22 item sets (Case-based MCQs)– 88 questions in total– Applying finance theories to scenarios- Analytical & valuation skills- Problem-solving with data sets
CFA Level 3Portfolio Management & Wealth Planning– Portfolio construction & risk management- Wealth planning strategies- Advanced investment concepts
– Specialisation Pathways		– 2 sessions of 2 hrs 12 mins (132 mins) each- Total duration: 4 hrs 24 mins– Essay-type questions (Constructed Response)- Some case-based MCQs– Decision-making like a portfolio manager- Communicating investment rationale- Strategic wealth planning & client advisory

If you are someone who is pursuing CFA with a full-time job, you can refer to this study plan.

CFA Course Fees

When a commerce or finance graduate decides to pursue CFA, the first thing they Google isn’t the syllabus, but the fees.
Can they afford it?
How much would each level cost in Indian rupees?
Would the investment be worth it?

CFA Course Fees in India

By the time you finish planning about pursuing CFA, you’ll know the CFA fees aren’t just numbers. They are milestones. Each rupee you save, each early registration you make, is part of your journey.

The CFA isn’t just testing your knowledge of finance; it is already teaching you financial discipline. And that lesson, once realised, feels priceless.

  • CFA Level 1: ₹60,000
  • CFA Level 2: ₹60,000
  • CFA Level 3: ₹60,000

At Imarticus Learning, you are given a 100% guarantee to receive a 50% refund of your course fees if you fail the CFA course exams.

Here’s a video to give you a detailed insight into how to clear the CFA Level 1 Exams:

CFA Syllabus

The CFA Syllabus develops a comprehensive skill set and prepares you for the investment and financial world. The Syllabus varies across the 3 levels. You can have a look at the subjects for each level below:

CFA Level 1 Syllabus

CFA Level 1 focuses on core modules, which consist of 10 subjects. It also includes two practical skills modules: Financial Modelling and Python Programming Fundamentals.

SubjectWeightage
Quantitative Methods6-9%
Economics6-9%
Portfolio Management8-12%
Corporate Issuers6-9%
Financial Statement Analysis11-14%
Equity Investments11-14%
Fixed Income11-14%
Derivatives5-8%
Alternative Investments7-10%
Ethical and Professional Standards15-20%

CFA Level 2 Syllabus

CFA Level 2 deepens your expertise on the same core modules with an in-depth focus on practical skills in Analytics, Python, Data Science, AI, and Python programming fundamentals, which is also offered in the Level 1.

CFA Level 3 Syllabus

CFA Level 3 has 6 core subjects with specialisation options and practical modules with case studies to enhance your skills. 

SubjectWeightage
Asset Allocation15-20%
Portfolio Construction15-20%
Performance Measurement5-10%
Derivatives and Risk Management10-15%
Ethical and Professional Standards10-15%
Specialisation Pathways –
Portfolio Management Pathway
Private Wealth Pathway
Private Markets Pathway		30-35%

The Level 3 also has a Practical Skills Module for Portfolio Development and Construction, and a Pathway Specific Module (Due Diligence – Private Markets Pathway / Practical Macro – Portfolio Management Pathway / Managing Private Wealth Clients – Private Wealth Pathway).

Navigating through the CFA Exam: Preparation Strategies & Tips

The CFA journey is beyond clearing the exams. It rewards discipline, consistent preparation, and the ability to stay focused at every stage. Each level teaches you to think through uncertainty and make sound decisions when the answers aren’t obvious. That’s what makes the CFA so much more than a qualification – it’s a true test of character.

This guide can help you with your CFA Certification journey:

Why opting for CFA Training or a dedicated CFA Course-prep can be a Game Changer?

Training isn’t just about someone teaching you the concepts and formulas. It’s about: 

  • Structured Learning: Access to tailored course material.
  • Expert Guidance: Faculty with subject matter expertise.
  • Accountability: Doubt-solving sessions and placement opportunities.
  • Peer Support: You get access to a dedicated channel with networking opportunities.
  • Industry-Relevant Resources: You often get access to industry collaboration events, webinars and live sessions.

Effective Study Strategies

To clear the CFA Exam, you need to follow a strategy and a dedicated routine. On average, candidates spend 300+ hours per level. So, if you are someone who can dedicate time and stay disciplined throughout the journey, you can definitely choose self-study.

Time Management

When you do self-study, you have to decide on your strategy and decide if you will spend your time on a topic with higher weightage or smaller weightage. If you’re a working professional with a 9-5 job, you can split study time by utilising weekdays for reading and concept building, weekends for mocks.

Revision

Revising the concepts learned by applying them and using proven strategies can prepare you for your exams.

Mock Exams

Taking practice tests and mock exams in a timed environment helps you prepare well for the exams and reduces stress.

Requirements to Become a CFA Charterholder

As a final-year B.Com student, when you first hear about CFA, it is quite common to feel excited. But then comes the flood of doubts about whether I am eligible.
Do I need any work experience?
What if I’m still in college?
Will my engineering degree be eligible?
How to become a CFA charterholder in India?

Criteria to enrol in CFA

Like most financial certificate aspirants, the CFA seems like a big dream, but the eligibility rules feel like a maze. To enrol in the CFA course, you need to meet the criteria below: 

  • Education: Candidates who hold a Bachelor’s degree or who have appeared for their final year exams and are waiting for the results from a recognised University are eligible to appear for the CFA Level 1 Exams.
  • Experience: You should have 4000 hours of work experience in the field of investment and decision-making.
  • Membership: Register and be a member of the CFA Institute by submitting up to 3 professional reference letters.

Start your CFA Journey with this Roadmap

If you are passionate about earning the most respected credential in investment management. The path to becoming a CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) charterholder can be daunting.

As an aspirant, you will be overwhelmed with many questions and misconceptions about the CFA journey, like:
How to become a CFA charterholder in India?
How many CFA levels are there, and what’s the syllabus?
How to Study for the CFA Level 1?

CFA isn’t a cakewalk; it’s a demanding course with a series of exams with an utmost difficulty level designed to build an elite class of finance and investment professionals. But the good news is that with a strategic plan and meticulous approach, it’s easy to be a CFA charterholder.

This roadmap is designed to cut through the noise, demystify the process, and guide you step-by-step toward achieving the esteemed CFA Charter.

Stage Step Focus Area Key Requirements / Outcomes
Eligibility 1. Gain Eligibility Entry Requirements Bachelor’s degree (or final year), 4,000 hours of relevant work experience (min. 36 months), a valid passport, and meet professional conduct standards.
CFA Level 1 2. Enrol & Prepare Fundamentals Register with CFA Institute and schedule the Level I exam. Study investment tools, ethics, professional standards, and asset classes.
3. Pass CFA Level 1 Foundation Demonstrate solid understanding of basic investment concepts. Establish credibility in the field.
CFA Level 2 4. Enrol & Prepare Asset Valuation & Analysis Focus on valuation, applied analysis, case studies, and item-set questions.
5. Pass CFA Level 2 Application Showcase skills in valuing investments and applying financial data to real-world scenarios.
CFA Level 3 6. Enrol & Prepare Portfolio Management Study portfolio management, wealth planning, and advanced ethics. Practice essay + item-set questions.
7. Pass CFA Level 3 Integration Prove ability to integrate knowledge across all levels and act as an investment decision-maker.
Experience 8. Fulfil Work Experience Professional Practice Accumulate 4,000 hours of qualified work experience in investment decision-making and get professional reference checks.
CFA Charter 9. Become a CFA Charterholder Achievement Apply to CFA Institute, earn the CFA Charter, join the elite global network, and commit to ongoing learning & ethics.

Life as a CFA Charterholder: Career Impact & Beyond

A CFA has deep financial expertise with strong analytical, technical, decision-making and communication skills, making them highly adaptable and valuable in today’s fast-paced financial markets.

When you clear your CFA Level 3 exam, you aren’t just holding a certificate; you are holding a passport. A passport that could take you from Mumbai’s Dalal Street to New York’s Wall Street, and your career from equity research to portfolio management, from analyst to managing director.

But what exactly does that journey look like?
What careers open up?
And how fast can you grow with the three magical letters “CFA” next to your name?

What Job Roles can a CFA pursue?

The CFA charter isn’t just another degree; it’s a professional superpower. Globally recognised and deeply respected among investment circles, it is often considered a competitive alternative to an MBA in finance, signalling a clear message to employers: This person understands money, investment, and wealth management at a world-class level.

That’s why charterholders are found in top firms like:

  • JP Morgan
  • Goldman Sachs
  • BlackRock
  • Deloitte
  • MSCI, among others

So if you’re still wondering about CFA jobs, CFA professionals have an extensive scope for career advancement and opportunities, and often hold crucial roles like:

  • Portfolio Manager,
  • Research Analyst,
  • Investment Banker,
  • Risk Manager, and
  • Private Wealth Manager.

CFA Salary (India & Global)

CFAs often enjoy a lucrative earning potential worldwide, with a broad range of career opportunities in the field of investment banking, portfolio optimisation, equities & derivatives, market research, advanced analytics and client advisory services.

cfa salaries vs non cfa professionals

CFA Stage 1: The Analyst (Entry Point)

Entry-level CFAs often start their journey as Research Analysts, Risk Analysts, or Investment Banking Associates. Think of this stage as learning to hold the sword where you’re collecting data, analysing trends, and supporting decision-makers.

Job Roles:

Salary: Average salaries for CFA Freshers begin at ₹5–10 LPA in India and $70,000-90,000 in the USA.

CFA Stage 2: Strategists

By the time you clear Level 3, your profile transforms. You will no longer be just crunching numbers, but will start making investment calls. Employers trust you with bigger responsibilities.

Job Roles:

Salary: Average salaries for mid-senior level CFAs range between ₹12–25 LPA in India and $90,000-180,000 in the USA. Few experienced professionals draw higher salaries. 

CFA Stage 3: The Leader (Executive Level)

At this stage, experienced CFA charterholders step into leadership roles. They don’t just follow the markets anymore; they lead strategies worth billions by taking important investment decisions, advising institutional investors and high-net-worth clients.

Job Roles:

Salary: Average salaries for experienced CFAs range between ₹15 LPA – 1 Cr+ annually in India and over $200,000 in the USA.

Still calculating CFA’s ROI? This video explains how you can become a Portfolio Manager with CFA in just 18 months!

CFA vs MBA vs FRM vs CPA

Choosing the best career path can be challenging with multiple options in the market. This comparison will help you get a brief overview of the courses and understand which course is right for you.

 CFAMBAFRMCPA
Focus AreasInvestment Tools,
Valuing Asset Classes,
Portfolio Management,
Wealth Planning		Management,
HR,
Finance,
Marketing,
Operations,
Analytics,
Strategy,
IT,
Supply Chain Management,
Entrepreneurship		Quantitative Analysis,
Financial Markets & Products,
Valuation & Risk Models,
Market Risk,
Credit Risk,Operational Risk,Liquidity Risk.		Business Analysis & Reporting, Information Systems & Controls,
Tax Compliance & Planning.
Fees~₹3.4 – 4.5 Lacs~₹4 – 30 Lacs+~₹1.5 – 2 Lacs~₹3 – 4.5 Lacs
Duration2.5 – 4 years 2 years1 – 2 years12 – 18 months
Recognised In165+ countries (Global Recognition)Globally recognised based on University accreditation.190+ countries(Global Recognition)130+ countries(Global Recognition)

FAQs about CFA

Here are a few frequently asked questions about CFA.

What is the CFA course?

CFA is a globally recognised certification in investment and financial management.

What does CFA stand for?

CFA stands for Chartered Financial Analyst. A highly reputed certification in investment and financial management with global recognition.

Is the CFA worth it? 

CFA is a challenging yet rewarding job role which offers a high earning potential. If you are passionate about numbers, strategy and stock markets, the CFA is an excellent choice to master finance.

How hard is the CFA exam? 

The CFA exam has a relatively high difficulty level with a lower pass rate. It requires a disciplined and consistent approach, rigorous practice and a deep understanding of the concepts. The CFA exam isn’t hard if you master the fundamentals.

Can I skip CFA levels?

No, CFA levels cannot be skipped. One needs to give all three levels sequentially.

Do I need a finance background? 

Having a background in finance is not mandatory; however, it can be an added advantage if you have prior experience.

What’s the average pass rate?

CFA has a pass rate of below 50% which means only 50 out of 100 candidates clear the exam successfully.

Is CFA better than MBA?

CFAs and MBAs are completely different in nature, which does not make either course better than the other. MBA is a broader course which equips you with business and management skills with a specialisation in the degree. On the other hand, CFA is a specialisation in finance and investment management to deepen your financial knowledge and expertise.

Is CFA tougher than CA?

CA is considered tougher than CFA as it has a relatively lower pass percentage. CA Finals have an average passing rate of 18.75%. CFAs have an average passing rate between 40-50%.

What is a CFA salary?

The salary for CFAs starts from ₹5 LPA and goes higher for professionals with experience.

Begin Your CFA Journey Now

The CFA program is more than just a finance certification – it’s a globally recognised passport with access to a rewarding career in investment, portfolio management, and financial leadership. While the journey demands discipline, time, and effort, the knowledge and credibility it brings are unmatched.

Whether you come from finance, engineering, or even law, the CFA opens doors to opportunities across industries and geographies. If you’re committed to mastering the investment world and building a strong professional edge, the CFA charter is one of the best investments you can make in yourself.

We are India’s first and only approved certification prep provider that offers real-world business case studies, curated resources by top finance institutions like Kaplan Schweser, a dual teaching model, internship opportunities for top performers, and a joint certification that equips you with expert practical skills. 

Are you ready to start your CFA journey? We at Imarticus offer the CFA course in association with KPMG in India to create industry-led programs. Bookmark this complete guide and come back whenever you feel lost in the chaos of finance.

Who is a Financial Analyst? Jobs Explained

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

If you’ve ever wondered “What is a Financial Analyst?” then you’re already on the right path toward exploring one of the most rewarding careers in finance. A financial analyst is a professional who evaluates financial data, prepares models, and provides insights that guide investment and business decisions. In today’s competitive market, financial analyst jobs are highly sought-after because they serve as the backbone of strategic planning for companies, banks, and investors.

From career realisation of financial analyst to job and career realisation of financial analyst, this blog will guide you with a quick guide of information. We will also uncover the skill needed by the financial analyst, career development of finance, and will also guide the newcomers how to find a new job as a financial analyst.

To make it even more practical, we’ll also introduce the Postgraduate Financial Analysis Program by Imarticus Learning—a job-assured pathway to launch your career in finance.

Financial Analyst Job Description: A Snapshot

At its core, the financial analyst role revolves around interpreting financial data to provide meaningful insights. Employers expect analysts to identify trends, prepare forecasts, and support key decisions.

Key highlights of a financial analyst job description:

  • Gathering and analysing financial statements.
  • Construction of finance models to develop future revenues forecasts.
  • Equity and market analysis.
  • Facilitating M&A deal-making and company value forecasts.
  • Reporting and presentation.

It’ll be corporate finance, banking, consultancy, or private equity-perfumed—but same concept. Facilitating companies to make more informed financial decisions.

Roles and Responsibilities of a Financial Analyst

Being a financial analyst is not just about crunching numbers. It’s analysis, strategy, and communications in one.

Common responsibilities include:

  • Data Collection & Analysis – Reconcilation of balance sheets, reconcilation of cash flows, reconcilation of income statements, and reconcilation of company accounts.
  • Forecasting – Set the revenue forecast, expenditure forecast, and profit margin forecast using financial models.
  • Valuation – Set the value of the company by conducting discounted cash flow (DCF), precedent transactions, and comparables.
  • Equity Research – Monitor the market trend, predict the shares, and buy/sell orders.
  • Budgeting & Planning – Leave the capital usage and cost controls to the in-house team.
  • Reporting – To show to the investors or to the management report and dashboards.

This work above is day-time meeting with top managers, business units, and investors—therefore, this would be interpersonal as well as analytical in nature.

Skills Required for a Financial Analyst

Technical and soft skills would be needed for work.

Technical Skills

  • Financial Modelling – Company performance using spreadsheets.
  • Valuation Approaches – DCF, comparable transaction, and precedent transactions.
  • Excel & PowerPoint Proficiency – Reporting and analysis.
  • Accounting Proficiency – P&L, balance sheets, and cash flows deeply comprehended in detail.
  • Equity Analysis Tools – Bloomberg, FactSet, or data tools of similar nature.

Soft Skills:

  • Analytical ability.
  • Numeral narrative with communications.
  • Time management capability.
  • Problem-solving ability.
  • Attention and accuracy.

Technical skills and outcome reporting skills to stakeholders by the firm on behalf of the firm for the recruitment of a financial analyst.

Career Growth in Finance: Analyst to Leadership

Career development of a financial analyst has career development lines feed into investment banking, corporate finance, and C-suite executive career careers.

Traditional career development path:

  • Junior FP&A, investment banking, or equity research financial analyst role.
  • Senior Analyst / Associate – You get to be in charge of small teams once you already have 2–4 years of experience.
  • Manager / Vice President – Organisational financial planning, strategy, or negotiation.
  • Director / CFO – Organisational financial planning.

Finance career graph is quick for individuals who continue to keep their skill set updated and aligned with the current market trends. 

Entry-Level Financial Analyst Jobs: Where to Start

Freshers would like to ask for the first finance job. Reality is that there are enough junior financial analyst jobs in every single business.

Most sought-after jobs are:

  • FP&A Analyst – Assist with budget and forecast.
  • Equity Research Analyst – Research the stocks and report.
  • Treasury Analyst – Handle the cash and liquidity.
  • Corporate Development Analyst – Assist with mergers and acquisitions.
  • Investment Banking Analyst – Assist with transactions and transactions.

These gateways guide the students through every nook and corner of finance, and serve as stepping stones to specialist expertise in the long run.

Know how to be a successful financial analyst in this video- Here

The Postgraduate Financial Analysis Program: A Career Accelerator

Professional advancement is no shoestring ride on the velvety couch. Closing the gap then is Imarticus Learning’s Postgraduate Financial Analysis Programme.

Why it’s the perfect option for someone who needs to be a financial analyst

  • 100% Job Guarantee – 7 sure-shot interview calls.
  • Placement Success – Over 56,000 placements with over 500 employer partners.
  • Guaranteed Outcome – 60% average salary hike with course completion.
  • Convenient Timings – weekday course in 4 months or weekend course in 8 months.
  • Timely recognition – Best Education Provider in Finance for 30th Elets World Education Summit 2024.

Skills you’ll learn:

  • Analysis of financial statements.
  • Valuation concept and modeling.
  • Equity research and trading execution.
  • PowerPoint and Advance Excel.
  • LinkedIn optimisation and personal brand management.

The course is packed with class room classes, simulation software, and live projects, so you would be job-ready at the time of graduation and not book-smart.

Why Choose a Job-assured Program?

Job-sure programs offer career opportunity and not conventional programmes. Why? Because the financial industry is competitive and the companies need to hire such candidates who, other than training, are job-ready.

Postgraduate Financial Analysis Programme offers:

  • Mock test practice and mock interview.
  • Case preparation to prepare.
  • Employer level industry networking.

Such a school-to-work employment match makes it number one to be as a career in finance.

Day in the Life of a Financial Analyst

Neck deep in nothing but “What is a financial analyst?”

Average day, i.e.:

  • Morning: Tracing market releases and company announcements.
  • Midday: Numb crunching on some finance models and projections.
  • Afternoon: Brainstorming with managers or investors.
  • Evening: Performing under pressure to meet internal stakeholders or customers’ deadlines.

The profession is extremely dynamic with frequent restructuring as per business objectives and company trends.

What is a Financial Analyst?

FAQs

Q1. What is a financial analyst?

Financial analyst interprets financial information, builds models, and suggests concepts on business and investment.

Q2. What is a financial analyst?

It encompasses firm account statement analysis, forecastings, valuations, and corporate finance assistance.

Q3. What is the role and responsibility of a financial analyst.

Forecasting and budgeting, equity analysis and reporting, and provision of insight to inform business strategy.

Q4. Finance analyst skills requirement

Financial modeling, valuation, accounts know-how, Excel, effective communication and effective analysis are all essential skills.

Q5. Freshers’ how to become junior financial analyst

Through specialist course training such as Postgraduate Financial Analysis Programme with interview and placement assurance.

Q6. Professional financial analyst career progression to professional-level finance career financial analysis

Senior.analyst, manager, vice president, then CFO level of work.

Q7. Is financial analysis a profession in India?

Yes, since there will be an increasing economy, surely there has to be an increasing demand for professional financial analysts for any sector.

Q8. Postgraduate Financial Analysis Programme for how many months?

Weekday 4-month or weekend 8-month classes.

Q9. Average income of financial analyst in India

Freshers are offered 4–6 LPA, and experienced are offered 15+ LPA based on experience.

Q10. Is it possible for me to shift my career into finance from another one?

Yes, properly structured courses like Imarticus’s make it easy for professionals to shift into finance jobs. 

Conclusion

Who then is the financial analyst? Quite simply, it is an evidence-based decision-maker. From interpreting finance reports to investment recommendations, financial analysts are the conduits to the new economy.

For the most current career prospects for a finance career as a financial analyst, the most sought-after option is on an internationally competitive job-protection career path. Financial job protection, moral benefits, and international career opportunities are its benefits. It is the most sought-after option for postgraduates.

Postgraduate Financial Analysis Programme provides you with the much-needed skills, in-job training, and placement guidance to your career of choice. Get started today—your finance career is waiting!

Master the Investment Banking Career Students Dream Of

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

Do you want to create a profitable investment banking career? Before going through the introduction of the financial markets industry, one must learn the fundamentals of investment banking. It could be commerce students, a finance buff, or an investment analyst looking to contribute – this handbook will move beyond perplexed jargon, market fluctuation, and certificates. Kick-starting your investment banking career on the right note can make you leave a mark in this ruthless profession.

What is Investment Banking?

Investment banking is the department of a bank that handles the issuance of capital to governments, corporations, and institutions. It involves underwriting, mergers & acquisitions (M&A), and advisory. It is highly responsible for financial development and facilitating companies to raise capital cost-effectively.

Investment bankers include:

  • Assisting companies to float with IPOs
  • Assisting big clients with big-ticket financial deals
  • Managing mergers, acquisitions, and restructuring
  • Underwriting top new debt and equity securities

Why Choose an Investment Banking Career?

A finance career of an investment banker carries prestige, decent salaries, and rapid career advancement. Finance graduates seek this career for thousands of them

  • Highest Salary Packages – Early career provides one of the highest paying salary scales in finance
  • Rapid Learning Environment – Learn through actual transactions and market events
  • International Exposure – Multinational clients and international transactions
  • Professional Growth – Proper career growth and networking

This makes it the best option for students who are interested in having a lifelong career in the finance sector.

Investment Banking Explained Simply

Before moving to higher levels, all students need to know the fundamentals of investment banking:

  • Capital Raising – Issuance of debt/equity securities to raise capital
  • M&A Advisory – Acting as advisor to companies in the event of mergers or acquisitions
  • Sales & Trading – Selling and purchasing securities on their behalf
  • Research – Stock, bond, and market research to recommend
  • Asset Management – Investment on behalf of another

It is important that these concepts be well understood before establishing a good investment banking career.

Core Concepts in Corporate Finance

Financial knowledge of corporations is required by those who wish to become investment bankers. The following are utilised primarily in the practice of day-to-day banking:

  • Valuation Techniques – DCF, Comparable Company Analysis
  • Financial Modelling – Modelling company performance with Excel
  • Risk Management – Identification and mitigation of financial risks
  • Leverage – Analysis of transactions financed by debt
  • Working Capital Management – Analysis of a firm’s short-term assets/liabilities

Understanding Financial Markets

You can’t have an investment banking career without knowing global capital markets. Markets set the shape of the deal and where there is investment. Some of the most important things to know are:

  • Stock Markets – Where equity that’s publicly traded is bought and sold
  • Bond Markets – Interest rate mechanisms and debt securities
  • Foreign Exchange Markets – Currency risk management
  • Commodities Markets – Selling and purchasing oil, metals, and crops
  • Understanding how these markets operate helps bankers make intelligent and shrewd deals.
Investment Banking career

Investment Banking Terminology for Students

Students need to be accustomed to investment banking terminology. Some of the words that all newcomers need to understand are:

  • IPO (Initial Public Offering) – Selling private company’s shares to the public for the first time
  • M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions) – Union of companies
  • Pitch Book – Investment bank’s sales pitch
  • Leveraged Buyout (LBO) – Purchasing of a company using borrowed money
  • Due Diligence – Auditing process of a prospective investment

All these words are the vocabulary of any banking professional.

Why Certifications Matter in Banking?

If you’re serious about an investment banking career, earning a top-notch certification is not optional—it’s essential. Certifications:

  • Boost your resume credibility
  • Teach industry-relevant skills
  • Offer well-structured learning under guidance of experts
  • Increase chances of getting placed with top companies

The best option at one’s disposal is the Certified Investment Banking Operations Professional (CIBOP) program by Imarticus Learning.

Overview of the CIBOP Program by Imarticus

Certified Investment Banking Operations Professional (CIBOP) is an experience guaranteed program for 0-3 years experience finance freshers. The program is offered in 3-months and 6-months options.

Highlights:

  • 100% Job Guarantee
  • 85% Placement Rate with packages up to ₹9 LPA
  • 60% Average Salary Increase
  • 1200+ Batches Completed
  • 1000+ Hiring Partners
  • Projects: Money Laundering, Trade Compliance, Ethical Banking

It’s one of the best investment banking certification programs in India, with real-world case studies and projects.

Career Outcomes After Completing CIBOP

Upon completion of CIBOP, you’ll be ready for various roles in top investment banks:

  • Investment Banking Associate
  • Wealth Management Associate
  • Regulatory Reporting Analyst
  • Client Onboarding Associate
  • KYC Analyst
  • Trade Surveillance Analyst
  • Hedge Fund Associate
  • Collateral Management Analyst

With support from Imarticus’s 1000+ hiring partners, you’re set for a finance career opportunity that truly delivers results.

FAQs

1. What is the duration of the CIBOP program?

You can choose between a 3-month full-time or 6-month part-time format, depending on your availability.

2. Can a non-finance graduate enrol in CIBOP?

The course is designed for finance graduates, but students from other backgrounds may be considered based on aptitude.

3. Is this course suitable for beginners?

Yes. Being a fresher with no experience, CIBOP starts from scratch and shapes your competencies.

4. What are the salary prospects after completing CIBOP?

Imarticus provides average salary for ₹4 LPA and even ₹9 LPA for top scorers, 60% of whom receive a salary increment.

5. Are the certifications globally recognised?

CIBOP is highly valued in India as well as by Imarticus’s 1000+ recruitment clients, including multinational companies.

6. Will I get job placement assistance after the course?

Yes, in addition to the course are 7 interview guarantees and full career support from resume building to interview preparation.

7. Do I need coding skills for investment banking?

Not necessarily. Although Excel cannot be avoided, CIBOP is all about handling critical banking operations, regulatory affairs, and market conventions.

Conclusion

Investment banking as a career calls for the correct knowledge, correct guidance, and correct credentials. Understanding the underlying principles of investment banking, acquiring the skills to adapt with the financial terminology, and becoming an associate of a legitimate investment banking certification like CIBOP is the secret to scaling the heights of your career.

CIBOP by Imarticus Learning is more than a course—it’s a transformation. If you’re ready to build a future in one of the most lucrative sectors in finance, now is the time to act.

What is CPA? A Complete Guide For 2025

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

Let’s be honest, if you’re here, you’ve probably typed “what is CPA” into Google more than once. And no wonder. Everyone in accounting and finance circles seems to be talking about it. The CPA full form is Certified Public Accountant, and it’s more than just three fancy letters after your name.

In 2025, being a CPA is like having an international stamp of credibility, one that can take you from a cubicle in Mumbai to a boardroom in New York.

A CPA is a passport that travels with you. It’s the professional equivalent of speaking English in business, a universal language that Big 4 firms, Fortune 500 companies, and even tech-driven startups understand and value.

CPA Full Form and Why It Matters

The full form of CPA is Certified Public Accountant, a credential that sits at the top of the accounting profession. A CPA, offered by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), is a licensed professional who goes beyond preparing accounts or filing taxes. This certification comes with an international repute.

CPAs are trained and authorised to review financial statements, ensure compliance with complex regulations, and advise leadership teams on tax structures and regulatory strategy. As the blog unfolds, we will learn in greater depth how a CPA maintains a stronger hold on the financial governance of any organisation.

What sets CPAs apart from other accountants is the scope of their responsibility. While a major chunk of finance professionals manage day-to-day bookkeeping or reporting, CPAs are trusted with oversight. The role carries a legal and ethical weight because businesses, auditors, and even governments depend on this certification.

what is cpa career path

This explains why CPAs are consistently hired across industries like investment banking, consulting, insurance, technology, energy, and healthcare.

Interesting Fact! Wherever governance, transparency, and strategic financial planning are non-negotiable, CPAs become the professionals of choice.

Who Can Become a CPA?

A frequent question I hear from Indian students is: “What is CPA eligible?” The eligibility puzzle can feel confusing at first. Worry not, let’s break it down!

In the US, CPA candidates need 120–150 semester credit hours, which roughly translates to a bachelor’s plus some additional coursework.

For Indians, this usually means:

  • A bachelor’s in commerce or accounting as a starting point
  • Sometimes a master’s degree or a bridge course is required to meet credit requirements
  • And yes, some states demand 1–2 years of work experience before licensing

Licensing Specifics for a CPA

  • A CPA license is issued by a state board, not by a federal authority. Consequently, requirements vary by jurisdiction.
  • However, once you’re licensed, CPAs benefit from reciprocity agreements. It will enable you to practice across states without redundancy in examinations.
  • This means that if you’re a licensed CPA in one U.S. state, other states will usually recognise that license. 

Global Outlook Towards CPA

  • According to NASBA, there are over 650,000 licensed CPAs worldwide, and non-US candidates represent a growing share of new entrants, with India among the top five feeder markets.
  • This globalisation of the CPA talent pool underlines both its demand and its portability.
  • It is worth noting that now CPAs are increasingly moving beyond traditional audit and taxation into advisory, ESG reporting, and digital finance transformation roles. Multinationals want professionals who can interpret numbers not just for compliance, but for strategy

CPA Recognition in India

  • The CPA is a US qualification, but its relevance in India is pronounced in multinational organisations, Big 4 consulting, and global capability centres.
  • While it does not provide statutory signing authority under Indian law (reserved for Chartered Accountants), it is sought after for expertise in US GAAP, IFRS, Sarbanes–Oxley compliance, and cross-border taxation.
  • In practice, CPAs are more often positioned alongside or above local CAs when global reporting or SEC-related compliance is involved.

The catch? Each US state sets its own rules. That’s why Indian aspirants often rely on institutes like Imarticus, which help align your background to the right state board.

Not sure if your current degree makes you eligible for CPA?
Check your eligibility with Imarticus Learning’s academic advisors

Here’s a snapshot of what you can expect from a CPA!

CPA Syllabus – What You’ll Actually Study

The CPA Program definitely takes you beyond balance sheets. You get to understand the why behind the numbers.
Why do companies recognise revenue in a certain way?
Why do certain tax treatments exist? and
Why do auditors push back on “creative” accounting?

The CPA exam is globally respected because it measures how effectively candidates can apply concepts in real business contexts. It is rigorous, but designed in a way that rewards discipline, preparation, and professional judgment.

SectionFocus AreaDuration
Core Sections (Mandatory for All)
AUD (Auditing & Attestation)Audit Methodology
Risk Evaluation
Internal Controls
Professional Ethics		4 hours
FAR (Financial Accounting & Reporting)GAAP
IFRS
Financial Statements		4 hours
REG (Regulation)US Taxation
Business Law		4 hours
Discipline (choose 1)
BAR (Business Analysis & Reporting)Financial Planning
Management Reporting
Advanced Data Interpretation
4 hours
ISC (Information Systems & Controls)IT Governance
Cybersecurity
Risk Management
System Controls
TCP (Tax Compliance & Planning)Advanced Taxation
Entity Planning
International Tax Structures

Curious which discipline suits your career path?
Speak to an Imarticus CPA mentor and align your choice with your goals.

CPA Exam Format: What to Expect

The CPA exam isn’t just about memorisation – it’s about application under pressure. Each section blends three testing methods:

  • Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs): Test foundational and technical knowledge.
  • Task-Based Simulations (TBS): Complex scenarios requiring analysis, interpretation, and problem-solving.
  • Written Communication Tasks: Short, business-style responses to test professional communication.

According to NASBA (2025), over 60% of CPA candidates consider simulations to be the exam’s toughest yet most valuable component – closely mimicking real corporate challenges.

Why this matters: The format ensures CPAs demonstrate more than textbook skills; they prove they can think like professionals in high-stakes scenarios where companies rely on their judgment.

CPA Exam Duration and Scheduling Flexibility

The CPA exam looks long on paper, but its flexibility puts control in the candidate’s hands.

  • Each Section: 4 hours
  • Total Duration: 16 hours across 4 sections
  • Sequence: Candidates choose the order of their exams.
  • Testing Windows: Continuous testing model available in 2025 across approved regions.

This system means I can:

  • Build momentum by tackling easier sections first.
  • Spread exams over 12–18 months or compress them into as little as one year.
  • Balance study with work, internships, or academic commitments.

In fact, the AICPA announced in 2025 that the rolling schedule boosted candidate success rates, since flexible pacing reduces burnout.

CPA Exam Scoring System Explained

Passing the exam requires a scaled score of 75 out of 99. Contrary to popular belief, that doesn’t mean 75%! The scoring system is weighted.

Question TypeWeightingWhy It Matters
MCQsModerateTests broad technical knowledge
Simulations (TBS)HighRewards applied, analytical reasoning
Written TasksLowerConfirms communication skills

In 2024, CPA exam section pass rates ranged between 44% and 63% (AICPA). This consistency reinforces the exam’s reputation for rigor and prestige.

In 2025, discussions in the profession highlight that the exam may gradually emphasise scenario-based decision-making even more, keeping CPAs relevant as advisors in a data-driven world.

Get a detailed breakdown of the exam module here in the ‘Uniform CPA Examination® Blueprints’ approved by AICPA Board of Examiners.

CPA Exam Updates for 2025 and Beyond

2025 marks the CPA Evolution Era – a shift reshaping the future of the profession.

Key updates to the CPA exam from 2025 onward:

  • More focus on data analytics and system controls.
  • Introduction of advanced compliance and advisory-related questions.
  • Pilot inclusion of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) topics in review materials.

This aligns with forecasts predicting that by 2030, CPAs will:

  • Provide assurance on AI-generated outputs.
  • Evaluate global digital compliance frameworks.
  • Advise corporations on ESG and sustainability standards across borders.

The CPA credential is no longer just about accounting; it’s now a gateway to business leadership, risk advisory, and technology-driven decision-making.

More Insights to Explore:

What is CPA salary?

The Most Awaited Question – CPA Salary. Let’s cut straight to the chase!
Or more importantly, What is the salary of a CPA in India?

When people ask me about the CPA, I can tell their concern is whether the return matches the grind. It’s a fair question. If you’re putting in the hours, the money has to make sense.

In India, the numbers usually fall between ₹9–17 LPA, depending on your background and the company you join. What stands out is that even fresh CPAs are often slotted into roles that pay above many entry-level CA positions. The reason is simple – firms here need professionals who can work comfortably with US GAAP, IFRS, and cross-border tax. That skill set is scarce, and scarcity drives value.

In the US, salaries look very different. A CPA salary there typically ranges from $70,000 to $120,000 a year, and can go higher once you move into advisory or senior finance roles. To put that into perspective, those numbers are well above the national median for finance jobs, which is why the credential is so aggressively pursued.

Global firms need professionals fluent in US GAAP and taxation. And Indian CPAs often get fast-tracked in Big 4 promotions because they fill that gap.

CPA vs CA vs ACCA vs CFA

Here’s the big comparison everyone loves to debate. What is the difference between CPA and CA? And where do ACCA and CFA fit in?

Comparison PointCPACAACCACFA
Global recognition & mobility✔️❌✔️✔️
India’s statutory signing authority❌✔️❌❌
Strong in US GAAP & SEC reporting✔️❌❌❌
Strong in IFRS & international accounting✔️✔️✔️❌
Audit & attestation authority worldwide✔️✔️✔️❌
Government & non-profit accounting relevance✔️✔️✔️❌
Corporate finance, FP&A & controllership roles✔️✔️✔️❌
US & international taxation expertise✔️✔️✔️❌
IT governance, SOX & internal controls✔️✔️✔️❌
Forensic & investigation exposure✔️✔️✔️❌
Core focus on investment, equity, markets❌❌❌✔️
Advisory & consulting suitability✔️✔️✔️✔️
High demand in GCCs/Big 4 (India)✔️✔️✔️❌
Easy cross-border reciprocity✔️❌✔️✔️
Typical duration ≤ 18 months✔️❌❌❌
Flexible modular testing✔️❌✔️✔️
Case-study-based exam simulations✔️✔️✔️✔️
Written communication tested in exam✔️✔️✔️✔️
Eligibility barrier (credits/degree)✔️✔️✔️✔️
Cost-effectiveness (relative)❌✔️✔️❌
Management reporting & BI emphasis✔️✔️✔️❌
Tech, data & analytics focus✔️❌✔️✔️
Year-round exam scheduling✔️❌✔️✔️
Portability of the license globally✔️❌✔️✔️
Strong acceptance in the Middle East✔️✔️✔️✔️
Strong acceptance in Europe✔️❌✔️✔️
Strong acceptance in the US✔️❌❌✔️
Salary uplift vs non-qualified peers✔️✔️✔️✔️
Beginner-friendly for non-finance grads✔️❌✔️❌
Option to specialise (disciplines)✔️❌❌❌

If you see your career staying India-focused, CA is unbeatable. But if your dream includes MNCs, global roles, or working abroad, CPA is your ticket.

Still weighing CPA against other finance credentials?

Join an Imarticus masterclass on choosing the right professional path.

To put it plainly, the value of a CPA doesn’t lie only in the salary or the job title. Those are outcomes, yes, but they’re not the essence. What the credential truly gives you is credibility – and in finance, credibility is currency.

Benefits of a CPA

You see, in a boardroom, whenever this phrase is uttered, “these financials have been reviewed by a CPA,” it isn’t just a line on a slide. It is a signal to investors, regulators, and even to your peers that the numbers have passed through the lens of someone licensed to uphold the highest standards of financial scrutiny.

That stamp changes the conversation. It builds trust in a way no slide deck can.

For professionals, credibility compounds. It opens doors that pure technical skill often cannot. Over the years, I’ve seen how CPA translates into:

  • Better Roles: CPAs are often shortlisted for senior finance positions, even ahead of peers with comparable experience, because the credential immediately validates competence. The Big 4, MNCs, and consulting giants still default to CPA when hiring for leadership roles in reporting and compliance.
  • Faster Promotions: Career trajectories tend to accelerate post-CPA. A recent report by the AICPA noted that CPAs reach managerial positions almost two years earlier on average than their non-CPA peers [AICPA, 2023].
  • Cross-Border Mobility: With global firms increasingly aligning to US GAAP and IFRS, the CPA becomes a passport of sorts. I’ve personally known colleagues who moved from India to Singapore or the US, leveraging the CPA as their ticket to international assignments.
  • Professional Respect: There’s a subtle shift once you add “CPA” next to your name. Colleagues, clients, and even regulators interact differently – because they know you’ve cleared one of the most demanding professional filters in the world.

To me, this is why CPA is worth it: not just because it pays well, but because it carries a permanence of respect. Job titles change, firms change, industries evolve, but once you’re a CPA, that credibility stays with you for life.

How the CPA Exam Tests You

If you’re expecting the CPA to be a memory game, you’ll be in for a surprise. This exam is built differently. It’s less about “What does the rule say?” and more about “Can you apply the rule when the situation is messy?”

Take the Auditing section, for instance. You’re dropped into case-style scenarios where internal controls are weak or fraud risk is lurking, and you have to decide what an auditor should actually do next. In the Regulation section, it isn’t enough to know tax codes; you’re tested on how to weigh competing treatments in real-life business contexts.

This structure is intentional. The AICPA has designed the exam to mirror the kind of judgment calls CPAs make daily. That’s why the format blends multiple-choice questions with task-based simulations and even written communication. You’ll draft memos, evaluate scenarios, and prove you can think like a professional.

What I appreciate most is that this exam rewards preparation, discipline, and the ability to think through ambiguity. And that’s precisely why the credential carries so much weight.

💡 Looking to know what real exam prep feels like? Our CPA program includes mock simulations designed to replicate the exact AICPA testing environment – so you can experience the challenge before you face the real thing.

CPA in India – The Real Story

Is CPA worth it in India? I’d say yes – but not in the way a headline might make it sound. The truth is a little more layered.

In India, the CPA is not going to replace the CA. You won’t suddenly get signing rights here just because you cleared the exam. That’s not what the credential is for. Its power lies elsewhere – in the multinational world that India now sits at the centre of. Think Big 4 firms handling US audits out of Bengaluru. Think global capability centres in Hyderabad or Pune, churning out consolidated financials for Fortune 500 boards. These are places where a CPA is not just useful, it’s expected.

The flip side? It’s a grind.

You’ll find yourself switching between US GAAP and the Companies Act, between federal tax rules and GST. The exam itself isn’t cheap either. Many candidates stumble on eligibility requirements, especially if their undergrad degree doesn’t rack up the right credit hours. These are realities you should know before you commit.

But here’s the payoff!

I’ve watched colleagues land roles at the Big 4 at salaries north of ₹10 lakh per annum simply because they carried the CPA alongside their Indian qualifications. More importantly, I’ve seen the credential unlock overseas mobility – a manager in Mumbai suddenly being tapped for a posting in Singapore or the US because the board trusted the CPA badge. That’s when you see the ROI.

In my view, the CPA in India is not about fast wins. It’s about stretching your career beyond borders. If you’re willing to put in the effort, the rewards are not just financial – they’re structural. Your career path bends upward in ways it simply doesn’t without it.

Suggested Reads

Starting Your CPA Journey – Here’s a Roadmap

No one wakes up one morning and clears the CPA. It takes planning, patience, and a clear sense of why you’re doing it. I’ve seen too many candidates jump in blind, only to waste months fixing eligibility issues or second-guessing their state board choice. If you approach it methodically, though, the process is far less daunting.

  1. First, get your eligibility in order. Check whether your degree stacks up to US standards. Many Indian graduates discover they need an extra credit or two – better to know this early than after you’ve paid exam fees.
  2. Next, be deliberate with your state board. Each one has its quirks. Some are lenient with international candidates, others not so much. 
  3. When it comes to applications, accuracy saves time. The NASBA paperwork isn’t difficult, but it is unforgiving. A single missing transcript can push your timeline by months.
  4. Preparation is where the real work lies. Forget shortcuts. The CPA exam is rigorous, and structured coaching gives you discipline, accountability, and perspective.
  5. Tackle one paper at a time. Momentum builds with every pass, and trying to juggle too much at once only raises your odds of failure.
  6. Finally, remember the finish line isn’t just exams. To be licensed, you’ll also need documented work experience and an ethics module. Plan for these requirements from day one, so you’re not left scrambling at the end.

It’s a marathon, not a sprint. This CPA course overview shows you how each milestone builds into the next. Because marathons are won by those who keep moving, step by step.

FAQs about CPA

Let’s check out some other frequently asked questions related to what is CPA?

What does a CPA do?

A CPA is far more than a number-cruncher. They audit billion-dollar corporations, design tax-efficient structures, and give credibility to financial statements that investors rely on. Beyond compliance, CPAs act as trusted strategists – advising on risk, mergers, and business transformations – making them the financial world’s equivalent of a “seal of trust.”

What is a CPA exam like?

Imagine the CPA exam as a four-exam marathon that pushes brains as well as endurance. It combines multiple-choice questions, simulations of real-world cases, and written answers. Candidates are tested on auditing, reporting, regulation, and a specialised field – basically demonstrating that they can make high-stakes decisions under duress, much like in actual corporate situations.

Is CPA worth it in India?

No doubt. In India, CPAs open doors to Big 4 companies, international multinational companies, and rapidly expanding financial centres. As companies begin to report under US GAAP and IFRS more and more, CPAs are globally mobile professionals with top-dollar credibility and pay to match. It’s less a certificate and more a passport to worldwide finance.

CPA vs ACCA vs CA – how are they different?

Each qualification has its own edge, and the right choice depends on where you see your career going.

  • CPA: The global benchmark for US-based auditing and taxation, especially powerful if your career intersects with American firms or SEC-regulated companies.
  • CA: India’s gold standard, with statutory signing authority and unmatched dominance in domestic accounting and audit roles.
  • ACCA: The master key for international roles centred on IFRS, widely respected across 180+ countries.

In short, CPA is the ticket to US/global corporate finance, CA anchors careers in India, and ACCA shines in globally mobile accounting careers.

How long does CPA take?

With discipline, most finish in 12–18 months. But it’s not just about passing four exams – it’s about smart scheduling and pacing. Some knock out all sections within a year by laser-focused studying, while others stretch it depending on credit eligibility, work commitments, and how fast they can tackle one section at a time.

Closing Note

At the end of the day, the CPA is a career accelerator. If there’s one thing I’d emphasise, it’s that CPA demands commitment, but it gives back in multiples – credibility, mobility, and respect that don’t fade with time. 

If you’re at that decision point, ask yourself not just, “Do I want the letters CPA after my name?” but rather, “Do I want to be the person in the room whose judgment is relied upon when billions are on the line?” Because that, at its core, is what this credential signals.

The highlight of pursuing a CPA is the permanent credibility you carry into every boardroom, every investor call, and every career pivot thereafter. A CPA tells the world you understand the language of global business at its highest standard – and that you can be trusted to apply it.

Now, does that mean it’s for everyone? Not necessarily. If your career vision is India-only and statutory audit is your primary goal, a CA may be the more efficient path. But if you aspire for roles with Big 4 firms, multinational corporations, global capability centres, or even entrepreneurial ventures with international compliance needs, the CPA is one of the most future-proof investments you can make in yourself.

Whether you’re an Indian professional aiming for Big 4 roles or someone eyeing international opportunities, the CPA can quite literally shift your career trajectory.

If you’re serious about becoming a CPA, check out our Certified Public Accountant Program co-created with KPMG in India. It blends expert mentorship, real-world case studies, and structured learning to help you clear the CPA and fast-track your career.

Mastering Finance: An In-depth Look at the Chartered Financial Analyst Program

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

The Chartered Financial Analyst Program (CFA) is the highest finance and investment management qualification. It is also known as the gold standard of candidates for an asset management career position, risk evaluation, portfolio management, and corporate finance. The program is offered by the CFA Institute in an attempt to rebrand finance professionals with extensive-based financial expertise, ethical judgment capability, and high-quality analytical ability.

In riding waves of competition in finance, CFA charter is rapidly turning into a useful tool towards credibility and ultimately reward potential. In this blog, you will gain significant insights about CFA program overview, chartered financial analyst curriculum, CFA exam preparation, and its impact on a CFA career path. If you are a finance student or a practitioner of finance and want to provide an impetus to your professional life, then this blog is going to acquaint you with facts which you must study in order to clear the CFA process.

What is the Chartered Financial Analyst Program?

CFA Program is an internationally acclaimed professional certification that began in the CFA Institute. The program aims to create skills in investment management, financial analysis, and ethical standards. Three levels of certification, i.e., CFA Level I, CFA Level II, and CFA Level III, with mandatory subject matter in finance and investment analysis, are present.

Key Features of the CFA Program:

  • Internationally acclaimed by 165+ countries.
  • Involves clearing three levels of exams.
  • Interest areas of investment management topics, portfolio analysis, financial reporting, and ethics.
  • Best place to start career in asset management, investment banking, and corporate finance.

CFA Program Overview: Structure and Duration

CFA program self-study charter program usually 2-3 years. Three levels examination and 4,000 hours of qualifying professional experience must be completed by the candidates in order to become the charter holders.

Exam Structure:

CFA LevelFocus AreasExam Format
Level IInvestment Tools, Financial Reporting, Ethics180 MCQs
Level IIAsset Valuation, Financial Statement AnalysisItem Set Questions
Level IIIPortfolio Management, Wealth PlanningCase Study + Essay

Chartered Financial Analyst Curriculum

Chartered financial analyst curriculum has been created in order to provide proper financial training in investment management, financial theory, and ethical decision-making.

Main Topics Covered:

  • Ethical and Professional Standards
  • Financial Reporting and Analysis
  • Economics and Quantitative Methods
  • Equity and Fixed Income Investments
  • Portfolio and Wealth Management
  • Derivatives and Alternative Investments

Every level is more complex and deeper in such topics, and a clear understanding of the financial management concepts.

CFA Exam Preparation: How to Study Effectively?

Right study, proper planning, and step-by-step execution are needed if you want to clear the CFA exam. Do the following so that you can prepare the best:

Best Practices for CFA Exam Preparation:

  • Prepare a Study Plan: 300-400 hours per level.
  • Use CFA Institute Study Material: Official text books and practice exams.
  • Join CFA Training Programs: Use professional systematic learning.
  • Practice Financial Modeling: Practice hands-on on valuation models.
  • Join CFA Study Groups: Learn and enjoy in group learning.

Advanced CFA Training: Career Benefits and ROI

CFA certification has real benefits, the investment well worth for financial professionals.

Career Benefits of CFA:

  • Compensation Growth Opportunities: Members receive 20%-40% more compensation than non-members.
  • Global Acceptance: Open global investment banking, asset management, and financial advisory career opportunities.
  • Industry Credibility: Most accepted by world financial institutions such as Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, and Morgan Stanley.
  • Networking and Alumni Networks: 200,000+ CFA Institute charterholders worldwide.

CFA Career Path: Where Can It Take You?

Achieving a CFA certification will be a game-changer in your career and professional development prospects for these finance careers:

Top CFA Career Paths:

  • Investment Analyst
  • Portfolio Manager
  • Risk Analyst
  • Corporate Financial Analyst
  • Private Equity Associate
  • Wealth Management Advisor
  • M&A Specialist

Majority of CFA professionals are Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Investment Officer (CIO).

FAQs

1. Is the candidate pass compulsory to give the CFA program?

Candidate must have bachelor’s degree or he must be final year student of undergraduate course. The 4,000 work experience candidates also may apply for it.

2. How hard is CFA exam?

40-50% CFA pass rate, difficult but guaranteed by constant practice. Level-wise, candidates practice 300+ hours.

3. What does CFA program becoming fee include?

Becoming CFA program fee is $2,500-$4,000 and registration fee and exam fee. Training courses and study guides are additional fees.

4. CFA charterholder salary is what?

On average, charterholders for CFA earn ₹10-30 LPA in India and $100,000+ in other nations. Salaries are variable based on experience and designations.

5. Is it easy to work while pursuing the CFA program?

Yes, the CFA program is for professionals. It is based on focused self-study, and it is possible to work and study simultaneously.

6. How is CFA program different from MBA in finance?

A CFA is the skill of investment analysis and management, and an MBA is knowledge of general business. Both are acquired by the majority of professionals for professional advancement.

7. What is the career opportunity after CFA Level I?

Career opportunities for CFA Level I candidates are Financial Analyst, Risk Consultant, and Equity Research Associate, and area of professional development to newer landscapes.

Conclusion

Chartered Financial Analyst Program is an investment of every rupee for career-focused finance professionals who desire to start the next phase of professional life. With its broad syllabus, rigorous exams, and global acceptability, CFA certification is a passport to lucrative investment banking, asset management, and corporate finance careers.

To the next generation of finance professionals, CFA program overview is the key to succeed in advanced CFA training and a structured CFA career path. Whatever you start with and start anew in your corporate career, a CFA charter will lead you to the pinnacle and peak of finance.

Once you are prepared to further your career in finance, enroll for a CFA training program today and begin on the path to greatness in finances.

Top Financial Leadership Skills Every New CFO Needs

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

Introduction

Arriving on the scene into the volatile and technologically driven landscape, demanding growth through innovation and adaptability, CFO activities do not concern themselves with book balancing and compliance. In short, if you seek to enter the CFO role, one thing is certain–you can no longer rely on a CFO toolbox of yesterday.

The contemporary CFO should be a strategic thinker, a technologically savvy decision-maker, and a powerful leader, all combined into one. From AI-driven analytics skills to financial agility, the competencies have changed significantly. That’s where Chief financial officer training comes in—not only for survival, but for superior performance.

Financial Leadership Skills for CFOs

Chief financial officer training

Those days are gone when CFOs were limited to control and accounting functions. They now head large multifunctional teams, impact boardroom discussions, and shape long-term strategies. It is no longer a choice, but integral—developing financial leadership skills.

A strong CFO today needs grit, emotional smarts, and the ability to genuinely connect with people—especially when things get rocky. It’s not just about the numbers anymore. Effective people management, clear communication across teams & leading change with real presence have all become essential to driving results. If a CFO can’t step up & inspire confidence, especially during tough times, they’re missing the mark.

Top Leadership Skills for CFOs Today:

SkillDescription
Visionary ThinkingSetting financial direction aligned with business goals
Cross-functional LeadershipCollaborating with Marketing, IT, HR, and Operations
Talent DevelopmentMentoring finance teams for future leadership
Change ManagementDriving and managing financial transformation
Stakeholder CommunicationPresenting to boards, investors, regulators

Investment in Chief financial officer training enables leaders to sharpen these soft and strategic skills—particularly those transitioning from operational finance.

Strategic Thinking for CFOs

Strategic foresight is what truly sets a standout CFO apart in today’s business landscape. It’s not enough anymore to just deliver the numbers every quarter.. companies expect their CFOs to provide sharp insights that actually shape the organization’s direction. A CFO with strategic vision doesn’t just focus on financial statements -they’re evaluating capital investments, analyzing long-term risks, exploring opportunities in new markets, and ensuring the company is ahead of the curve with sustainability initiatives. That’s the difference between simply managing finances and actually driving the business forward. The CFO now has to co-own corporate strategy and work hand in hand with CEOs and COOs.

The most crucial aspects of strategic thinking are:

  • Long-term scenario planning
  • M&A evaluation and due diligence
  • Return on capital analytics
  • Sustainability and ESG reporting
  • Market intelligence and benchmarking

According to McKinsey, 41% of CFOs now dedicate most of their time to strategic leadership roles, compared to only 25% a decade ago. Clearly, the bar has been raised.

Mastering Financial Risk Management

Risk is now more multidimensional than ever—cybersecurity, global supply chains, currency fluctuations, regulatory changes—the list keeps growing. That’s why financial risk management sits at the core of a modern CFO’s responsibilities.

New-generation CFOs must move from reactive to proactive risk approaches. They must not only comprehend risk exposure but also develop frameworks that enhance resilience and business continuity.

Major risk management areas for CFOs:

  • Operational risk and fraud detection
  • Cybersecurity and data privacy governance
  • Treasury risk such as currency and interest rates
  • Climate and sustainability-linked financial disclosures
  • Regulatory compliance geographically

Most of these dangers are handled by the application of predictive analytics, AI-based models, and scenario planning—capabilities that may be learned through Chief financial officer training packages for the future.

A good read here is by Deloitte detailing how CFOs are becoming the focal point of enterprise risk strategy.

Digital Finance Skills for Modern CFOs

Finance is going digital, and fast. From robotic process automation (RPA) to cloud ERP to predictive modeling, technology is redefining the role of finance. CFOs today must build strong digital finance skills to stay relevant and future-ready.

You don’t need to be a coder to thrive in digital finance, but understanding the tools and how to apply them for insights and efficiency is vital.

Major Digital Tools CFOs Need to Know:

Tool/TechPurpose
Power BI / TableauData visualisation and insights
SAP S/4HANA / OracleCloud-based financial planning and control
AI/ML ModelsPredictive forecasting, anomaly detection
RPA ToolsAutomating routine finance tasks
BlockchainSecure, real-time ledger tracking

An HBR study mentions that organisations with technologically savvy CFOs realize 1.5x greater profitability and customer satisfaction growth.

If you’re a finance professional aspiring to lead, explore the Postgraduate Certificate Postgraduate Certificate Programme for Emerging CFOs by IIM Indore. It blends leadership, finance strategy, and digital innovation to future-proof your journey.

Pathways for CFO Career Growth

The CFO career path has changed. Today’s CFOs often function as strategists, technologist, compliance officers, and advisors to the board. To ensure future growth and that you to acquire, to learn and invest in opportunities to grow and that will set you up for future growth as a CFO, is essential to map your journey.

Regardless if you are coming up from a controller position or pivoting from investment banking, what capabilities you need at each path can create momentum to moving forward. Mentorship, upskilling and certification will have a huge impact.

CFO Career Development Roadmap:

Level 1: Senior Manager/Analyst

Develop core technical competencies, budgeting, and financial modeling.

Level 2: Director/Financial Controller

Take ownership of audit, reporting, and budgeting.

Level 3: Strategy Head/VP Finance

Exposure to leadership, M&A, and investor relations.

Level 4: CFO

Oversee enterprise-wide initiatives, board communication, and strategy execution.

To remain competitive, you need to focus on professional growth with formal Chief financial officer training aligned with business directions and individual goals.

Key Takeaways

  • The changing role of CFO broadens from finance leader to strategic and digital executive. 
  • Great leadership in financial management is required, whilst managing people, unpleasant change, and value delivery. 
  • Business-oriented thinking enables CFOs with long-term influence in business and credibility at board level.
  • Being a CFO entails risk management in finance-centric making of decisions, which is crucial in a globalised, technology-driven, and complex economy.
  • Endowing future-proof digital finance skills makes CFOs transformation enablers rather than scorekeepers. 
  • Career growth for CFOs necessitates attitude upgrading, proactive thinking, and forward thinking. 
  • Pursuing future-centric courses such as Imarticus Learning’s Chief financial officer training will help unleash your full leadership potential. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Why is chief financial officer training essential for modern finance leaders?

Chief financial officer training equips aspiring CFOs with the advanced leadership, strategic thinking, and digital finance skills needed to navigate complex business environments and lead enterprise transformation.

2. What are the most critical financial leadership skills for today’s CFOs? 

Modern CFOs are expected to collaborate across departments, communicate persuasively with stakeholders, cultivate talent, and maintain composure during chaos—because, let’s face it, disruption is the norm now. Anyone hoping to thrive needs to be more than a numbers person; they need the toolkit to lead transformation from the front.

3. How does strategic thinking help CFOs drive business growth?
 Strategic thinking enables CFOs to go beyond financial reporting and contribute to corporate strategy through capital planning, M&A insights, market analysis, and ESG initiatives.

4. What role does digital finance play in a CFO’s responsibilities today?
 Digital finance skills help CFOs leverage tools like AI, RPA, and data analytics for real-time insights, efficiency gains, and predictive forecasting—crucial for staying competitive.

5. How do CFOs remain ahead in financial risk management?

CFOs need to use proactive risk models on cybersecurity, treasury, compliance, and sustainability. Contemporary training enhances capability in AI-enabled risk analytics and scenario planning.

6. What’s the best path for CFO career growth?
 The typical path includes roles like senior analyst, controller, finance director, and VP of finance—each requiring targeted upskilling. Structured training and mentorship are key to advancing to the CFO level.

7. Are there soft skills CFOs need today?

Yes. Emotional intelligence, communication, toughness, and people leadership are now equally essential as technical skills for successful CFO performance.

8. Do I require a technology background to acquire digital finance skills?

No. Although some basic understanding is beneficial, CFO-centric programs break down intricate tools and focus on applied usage over intensive technical coding.

9. What are the benefits of enrolling in the IIM Indore CFO program?
 The program offers a comprehensive mix of strategic finance, leadership, and digital innovation training—designed to accelerate CFO readiness and career growth in a global context.

10. How can I assess if I’m ready for CFO training?

If you’re currently in mid-to-senior finance roles, eager to lead transformation, and want to expand your strategic and digital capabilities, CFO training is the next logical step in your journey.

Conclusion

Today’s CFO is not merely a number-cruncher; they define the story. In an age of continued transformation—whether from AI disruption, or ESG imperatives—today’s CFO must be a strategist, technologist, and a coach. It requires a different skillset—combining technical aptitude, business sensibility, digital experience and emotional intelligence.

If you are willing to ascend to the next generation of financial leadership, now is the right time to do so. Through customized programs such as the Postgraduate Certificate Programme for Emerging CFOs by IIM Indore and Imarticus Learning, you can move on from being a capable finance manager to being an impactful CFO.

How a Financial Modelling and Valuation Course Transforms You Into a Deal-Making Pro

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

Introduction

Let’s face it-spreadsheets have their limits. As you move through your finance career in India, you may have felt as if the demands of the job were asking for you to go beyond basics and speak the language of actual deals. Transitioning to that level is not just a matter of learning more Excel functionalities or finding the hottest templates to download. What you need is a shift in thinking, based on a framework of education, hands-on experience, and expert mentorship. This is the power of a financial modelling and valuation course.

This blog breaks down how the right course doesn’t just upskill you but rewires your thinking for high-stakes environments like investment banking, private equity, or corporate finance. It delves into how such programs, built around real-world finance projects and advanced valuation strategies, empower Indian professionals and students to evolve from spreadsheet users into deal-making pros.

Why Finance Career Transformation Requires More Than Excel

Ask a hiring manager in finance, and they’ll say the same as the last 20 they spoke with – basic proficiency in spreadsheets is given, but not enough. If you’re building a discounted cash flow model or evaluating a leveraged buyout, decision-makers want talent who can model uncertainty, think about risks, and link numbers back to a strategy. This is where a financial modelling and valuation course closes the gap. 

A career transformation in finance does not take place in a bubble. It requires the right mix of applied case studies, simulations, and the right curriculum designed for industry ramp-up and performance. Programs designed for Indian students and professionals often come integrated with tools like Excel, PowerPoint, and even Python—all essential to modern finance roles.

Financial modelling and valuation course

Here’s what you need beyond Excel:

  • Deep understanding of valuation frameworks
  • Clear communication of insights through dashboards and presentations
  • Scenario building and stress-testing assumptions
  • Modelling for real transactions like IPOs, mergers, and capital raises
  • Interpreting industry trends through structured financial storytelling

Advanced Valuation Strategies: Beyond the Basics

Valuation is more art than science. Sure, you can compute a fair value using DCF or comparable company analysis. But are you skilled enough to challenge assumptions, adjust for market anomalies, or understand intangible asset valuation? That’s what advanced valuation strategies are all about.

Courses that focus on financial modelling and valuation don’t just spoon-feed you formulas. They teach you how to build flexible, dynamic models from scratch. And more importantly, they help you interpret the story those numbers tell.

Comparison Table: Basic vs. Advanced Valuation Techniques

ParameterBasic ApproachAdvanced Valuation Strategies
Method UsedDCF, Relative ValuationSum-of-the-parts, Contingent Claims
Adjustments ConsideredLimited to common ratiosMinority discounts, Control premiums
Industry ApplicationGeneralSector-specific (Tech, Real Estate, etc)
Risk AnalysisSingle variable sensitivityMonte Carlo simulation, scenario testing

For a deeper dive into advanced valuation thinking, check out this Harvard Business Review article on measuring company value beyond financials.

The Role of M&A Financial Modelling Training

Mergers and acquisitions aren’t just flashy headlines in the Economic Times; they are complex, multilayered transactions that require razor-sharp modelling skills. This is where M&A financial modelling training takes centre stage in any serious financial modelling and valuation course.

Learning how to construct models for M&A includes everything from target screening and synergy analysis to post-deal integration and scenario building. It’s the kind of learning that not only helps you in interviews but prepares you for deal rooms and boardroom discussions.

What You Learn in M&A Modules:

  • Modelling accretion/dilution
  • Financing mix: debt vs. equity
  • Sensitivity to synergies and cost savings
  • Pre- and post-deal valuation
  • Due diligence modelling techniques
  • Risk-adjusted return analysis

According to PwC’s Global M&A Industry Trends, global M&A volume is projected to remain strong into 2025. That means demand for M&A-ready professionals is only increasing.

Real-World Finance Projects: Learning That Sticks

Reading textbooks is fine. But nothing prepares you for the real world like actual project work. A robust financial modelling and valuation course always includes real-world finance projects that replicate industry scenarios.

These capstone projects are designed to mimic IPO valuations, LBO models, sector-specific valuation models, or even private equity case studies. You don’t just learn; you do.

Real-World Finance Project Examples:

  • IPO Valuation for a FinTech startup
  • LBO Model for a Private Equity transaction
  • DCF valuation of a large-cap listed company
  • Sector analysis of banking or pharmaceuticals
  • Simulation of a buy-side investment pitch

This experience becomes especially valuable for Indian students aiming for high-performance finance roles in investment banking, equity research, or corporate strategy.

Investment Analyst Upskilling: Tools and Techniques That Matter

As a budding or mid-career analyst, the transition from reporting historical data to forecasting future growth is essential. That’s where investment analyst upskilling through a financial modelling and valuation course really shines.

From learning Excel hacks for model speed to mastering databases like Bloomberg or Capital IQ, this upskilling prepares analysts to function as strategic advisors rather than mere data handlers.

Must-Have Tools for Investment Analysts:

  • Microsoft Excel (advanced functions, macros)
  • PowerPoint (investment decks)
  • Capital IQ, Bloomberg, Refinitiv
  • Python/R for quantitative models
  • Tableau for financial dashboards
  • Scenario and risk modelling templates

Upskilling like this not only helps in job interviews but makes you better at articulating insights, pricing deals, and evaluating investment opportunities.

The Course That Delivers: Financial Analysis Prodegree

If you’re ready to take the leap, Imarticus Learning’s Financial Analysis Prodegree is a top choice. Co-created with industry experts, this course offers intensive training in financial modelling and valuation, complete with real-world finance projects, live mentorship, and placement assistance.

It’s designed for Indian learners seeking genuine finance career transformation. Whether you’re just out of college or have a few years in the field, the program adapts to your pace, giving you access to tools, techniques, and case-based learning.

FAQs

Q1: Who should take a financial modelling and valuation course?

 This course is well suited to finance graduates, MBAs, working professionals in banking or investment roles, and career changers trying to get into finance. It is also suitable for entrepreneurs looking to better understand valuation metrics.

Q2: How long does it take to finish such a course?

 Whereas some part time or online options allow for more flexible pacing especially for working professionals, most programs can be completed in 3 to 6 months depending on the intensity and structure of the course. 

Q3: Do I need to have prior finance knowledge to enrol?

 Having some base level of knowledge is useful but many courses start with fundamental building blocks and develop to such complex modelling that they are accessible to beginners. 

Q4: Are the tools I will learn in the course relevant to the job market?

 Absolutely! Most programs focus on Excel, PowerPoint and sometimes even Bloomberg or Python. You won’t be able to avoid these programs in corporate finance, investment banking and equity research. 

Q5: Will I complete hands-on project work with the course materials?

 Yes, particularly with the better courses. You will work on IPOs, M&A cases, LBO models and then you can present the finished products in your job interviews.

Q6: How does this course help in job placement?

 Many programs have industry tie-ups, career services, and placement support. Real-world projects and strong portfolios often give candidates an edge in interviews.

Q7: Can I learn this course online?

 Definitely. In fact, online learning offers flexibility. Look for programs with live classes, mentor support, and real-time feedback for the best outcomes.

Q8: What salary boost can I expect post-certification?

 While it varies, many professionals report salary jumps of 20-40% post-certification, especially when transitioning into high-value roles.

Q9: Is certification important in finance hiring?

 Yes. A recognised certification acts as a signal to recruiters about your skills and commitment. It also helps you stand out in competitive applicant pools.

Q10: What makes the Imarticus Prodegree different?

 The mix of practical training, expert faculty, and career services sets it apart. It’s structured around outcomes, not just content.

Key Takeaways

  • A financial modelling and valuation course is more than a skill upgrade—it’s a mindset transformation.
  • Learning advanced valuation strategies helps you value companies beyond simple ratios.
  • M&A financial modelling training is crucial for understanding complex transactions.
  • Real-world finance projects make learning stick and build your portfolio.
  • Investment analyst upskilling includes hands-on tools that align with modern job requirements.
  • Courses like the Financial Analysis Prodegree offer industry-driven content and career support.

Conclusion

In today’s hy-per-competitive world of finance, to become a deal-making superstar requires way beyond Excel skills. You need a structured learning plan, quality coaching and real life experiential learning. A quality financial modelling and valuation program doesn’t just prepare you for jobs, it prepares you for deals.

So if you are serious about advancing your career in finance, the time to act is now. Sign up for a program like the Financial Analysis Prodegree and step into the world of true finance, real skills and real results. 

How to Be a Successful Financial Risk Manager

Posted on by Imarticus Learning

You become a financial risk manager by relying on the success of the FRM Certification, which is a certification offered by the Global Association of Risk Professionals (GARP). 

MarketsandMarkets state that the risk management software market will reach USD 18.75 billion by 2025, growing at a 16.2% CAGR. Additionally, 72% of FRM certificate holders report career advancement within one year of certification. 

To learn how to become a financial risk manager, we will walk you through it all—exam pieces, fees, skills, careers and salary trends.

What are the FRM Exam Details?

Format: Part I is 100 MCQ questions; Part II is 80 MCQ

Frequency: The FRM exam is conducted every May, August and November

FRM Exam Date, Format and Frequency

Part I: 100 questions, 4 hours

Part II: 80 questions, 4 hours

Topic Matter Covered: Quantitative analysis, market risk, credit risk, operational risk, risk modelling.

Practice with timed mock sheets to simulate actual exam conditions and make the best of time management.

FRM Certification Cost Explained

Fee TypeFRM Exam Cost (USD) [Part I & II]Notes
One-time Enrollment Fee$400Paid once, first time registration only
Early Registration$600Per exam part, if available
Standard Registration$800Per exam part, main registration fee

Technical and Soft Skills to Be a Risk Manager

You need technical and soft skills in combination to become a good financial risk manager:

  • Quantitative Analysis: Excel VaR modelling, probability, and statistical mastery.
  • Technical Skills: Stress-test and analyze via Excel, Python or R.
  • Regulatory Awareness: Basel III/IV requirements and compliance rules comprehension.
  • Critical Thinking: Assess scenarios and suggest mitigation.
  • Communication: Present technical risk findings in an easy-to-understand manner to stakeholders.

Building these skill sets prepares you for the FRM exam specifics and achievement upon certification.

FRM Career Opportunities

With FRM Certified professionals opening up to numerous FRM career prospects in industries:

  • Risk Analyst: Quantify and report credit, market and liquidity risks.
  • Credit Risk Manager: Oversee credit portfolios and set lending criteria.
  • Operational Risk Specialist: Optimise controls to minimise process failure.
  • Quantitative Analyst (Quant): Create forecasting models in hedge funds.

These roles are highly coveted by firms such as HSBC, J.P. Morgan, and Deloitte by FRM charterholders.

Remuneration Trends of Financial Risk Management

Knowing the remuneration for financial risk management enables one to expect realistically:

  • Entry Level: $60,000–80,000 per annum.
  • Mid-Career: USD 90 000–120 000 per annum
  • Senior Roles: USD 130 000+ per annum

New York and London-based senior risk managers earn as much as 25 % above global standards (Source). 

Compensation in the Asia-Pacific region is 10–15 % below regional cost levels.

Solo Acumen: AI and ESG at Risk

There is a new solution for how to be a risk manager, along with accepting AI and sustainability:

  • AI Integration: Over 60 % of banks plan to use machine learning for credit risk by 2026 (Euromoney).
  • ESG Factors: Stress tests now consider environmental, social and governance metrics.
  • Competitive Advantage: Knowledge of AI tools and ESG frameworks puts you a step ahead during job interviews.

Step-by-Step Study Guide

Take this step-by-step guide to study in a structured way:

  • Check Eligibility: Two years of work experience and a Bachelor’s degree in a related profession.
  • GARP Registration: Apply and pay for registration and exam fees.
  • Study Plan Creation: Allocate 200+ hours per section within 5–6 months.
  • Mock Tests: Simulate exam-like situations and study mistakes in depth.
  • Sit for Exams: Offer both parts in a single cycle to stay on track.
  • Renew Certification: Earn 40 CPD credits every two years.
How to become a financial risk manager

Frequently Asked Questions

What are FRM Certification’s qualification requirements?

A bachelor’s degree or two years’ direct finance experience.

How frequently is the FRM exam written?

Thrice in a year – May and November.

Can I write Part II exam without writing Part I?

No; Part I is a prerequisite for Part II.

What is the passing rate on the FRM exam?

Approximately 50–55 % per part.

Are interview requirements mandatory?

No, certification is exam-only.

How many CPD credits are needed?

40 credits every two years to maintain your FRM.

Is FRM worth it if I am not working in banking?

Yes, consultancies, corporates and fintech firms recruit FRM charterholders.

Conclusion

Becoming a financial risk manager through FRM Certification is a rewarding journey that blends quantitative rigour with strategic insight. With clear steps, robust preparation and ongoing learning, you’ll stand out in a competitive market.

Key Takeaways:

  • Strategic Planning: A well-defined eight-step roadmap guarantees consistent momentum.
  • Skill Fusion: Master quantitative techniques, regulatory aspects and communication.
  • Career Benefits: See 20-30 % salary increases and diverse global roles.

Ready to achieve success? Join the FRM Certification Preparation Program now and start your success journey.