What is data visualization?
Data visualisation is the art of representing data through visual elements. These data visualisation techniques include charts, graphs, maps, and much more. In today's data-driven world, where information is overloaded, data visualisation is a game-changer.
For instance, you have to analyse the sales data for a retail company. Traditionally, you will study a massive table with numbers. But data visualisation tools enable you to represent the same data through appealing bar charts, graphs etc. Data visualisation techniques help to see beyond raw numbers and assist in -
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Identifying patterns and trends
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Areas of growth or decline,
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Highlights potential risks and opportunities,
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Make informed choices,
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Uncover hidden patterns, correlations, etc.
Understanding data visualisation techniques
There are different data visualisation tools and data visualisation techniques for data visualisation. Some of the top data visualisation techniques are:
Bar charts
Perfect for comparing categorical data and showing frequency or distribution. For instance, the sales performance of different products. Here, each bar represents a product's revenue.
Line Graphs
Great for displaying trends and patterns over time. For instance, stock market trends throughout the year.
Pie Charts
Ideal for illustrating parts of a whole or percentages. For example, to represent the market share of different smartphone brands in a city.
Scatter Plots
Excellent for visualising the relationship between two continuous variables. For example, the connection between advertising expenditure and sales.
Heatmaps
Effective for displaying the density or size of values across a grid. For instance, population density across different districts of a city.
Some other data visualisation techniques include:
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Line Chart
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Histogram
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Box Plot
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Area Chart
Best practices for data visualisation
The following are the best practices for effective data visualisation -
Preparing data for visualisation
Preparing data for visualisation ensures data accuracy and integrity. It allows the users to draw reliable insights. Preparing data helps in:
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Data cleaning, i.e., removing errors, duplicates, and inconsistencies, making the data reliable.
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Filtering the specific subsets of data to focus on relevant information.
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Converting data into a suitable format to enhance visualisation.
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Dealing with missing values to ensures complete and meaningful analysis.
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Addressing outliers to avoid uneven interpretations, ensuring fairness by removing extreme values.
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Scaling data to a common range for fair comparisons. It's like putting data on the same measuring scale.
Choosing the visualisations
Selecting appropriate visualisations based on data characteristics ensures clear and meaningful representation. Thus, choosing the right visualisations is crucial. So, here are the factors to consider:
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Different data types need different visualisations. For instance, categorical data may be best represented using bar charts. While trends over time are well-suited for line graphs. Thus, data type should also be considered.
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Consider the audience who will be viewing the visualisation. Choose visualisations that resonate with your audience and convey the message effectively.
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Ensure responsive and interactive visualisation, allowing users to gain insights on their own. It should not have unnecessary complexity.
Design principles
Design principles enhance the effectiveness and impact of data visualisations. The design principles play a significant role in improving user experience. Thus, keep the following pointers in mind:
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Focus only on the necessary information. Data visualisation should have sufficient highlights that can be clear to your audience.
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Use clear labels, titles, and legends to guide your audience. This makes it easy for them to interpret the data.
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Maintain consistency in your design choices throughout the data visualisations. Colour schemes, fonts, and styles should create a cohesive and harmonious presentation.
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Use colours purposefully to highlight essential elements and distinguish different categories or groups. Contrasting colours can be used for comparisons.
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Choose appropriate font styles (bold, italics) to draw attention to important information.
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Logically organise the data visualisations to ensure the flow of the information.
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Limit the use of unnecessary effects that may distract users from the data.
Iterative design and feedback
Iterative designing is the process of refining data visualisations. This approach helps to improve visualisations through repeated design cycles, testing, feedback, etc., making the data more accurate and insightful. The feedback can be from stakeholders, experts, or even end-users. Iterative design and feedback incorporation improve the usability and relevance of visualisations.
Master data visualization
Data visualisation is about more than just about pretty pictures. It's about letting the data speak visually. So, whether you are a graduate or a working professional, you can learn the art of data visualisation. With a job-oriented curriculum Data Science Course by industry experts offering a job guarantee, this live training program offers everything. From the fundamentals to real-world projects, this program on Imarticus Learning, a leading platform for learning, is a game changer! So, enrol in this Postgraduate Program In Data Science And Analytics today and become an expert tomorrow.
